Recent advances in genetic manipulation of crops: A promising approach to address the global food and industrial applications

Nalluri, Nirmala; Karri, Vasavi Rama

doi:10.14719/pst.2020.7.1.659

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 211 publications

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“…Genetic engineering is a novel plant breeding tool that involves production of transgenic plants by transformation of GOI in order to obtain desired results ( 54 ). Genetic engineering has wider applications for development of biotic and abiotic stress-tolerant crop plants and improving their nutritional quality ( 55 ). Genetic engineering has played a significant role in the development of fungal-resistant plants by producing pathogenesis-related protein, i.e., chitinase and β - 1,3-glucanase.…”

Section: Breeding Strategies To Develop Pst -Resismentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Genetics, Genomics, and Breeding Approaches to Combat Stripe Rust of Wheat

et al. 2020

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Puccinia striiformis (Pst) is a devastating biotrophic fungal pathogen that causes wheat stripe rust. It usually loves cool and moist places and can cause 100% crop yield losses in a single field when ideal conditions for disease incidence prevails. Billions of dollars are lost due to fungicide application to reduce stripe rust damage worldwide. Pst is a macrocyclic, heteroecious fungus that requires primary (wheat or grasses) as well as secondary host ( Berberis or Mahonia spp.) for completion of life cycle. In this review, we have summarized the knowledge about pathogen life cycle, genes responsible for stripe rust resistance, and susceptibility in wheat. In the end, we discussed the importance of conventional and modern breeding tools for the development of Pst -resistant wheat varieties. According to our findings, genetic engineering and genome editing are less explored tools for the development of Pst -resistant wheat varieties; hence, we highlighted the putative use of advanced genome-modifying tools, i.e., base editing and prime editing, for the development of Pst -resistant wheat.

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Section: Breeding Strategies To Develop Pst -Resismentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Genetics, Genomics, and Breeding Approaches to Combat Stripe Rust of Wheat

et al. 2020

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“…In addition to unfavorable weather conditions such as heat stress, food production will be under the constraints of less water, less land, less labor, and less chemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides. The genetic engineering approach appears to be an effective alternative strategy to improve crop yield in the future alongside traditional breeding methods (Khush 2005 ; Nalluri and Karri 2020 ). Incorporation of the genetic engineering techniques could aid in overcoming several limitations of conventional breeding practices, and these limitations include the long time needed to introduce a new variety, the labor intensive screening of hundreds or thousands of varieties in replicated plot trials, and the introduction of undesirable traits along with the desirable characteristics (Ulukan 2009 ).…”

Section: Scope Of Genetic Engineering In Improving Plant Heat Stress ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing crop yield by using Rubisco activase to improve photosynthesis under elevated temperatures

Shen¹,

Hong

2021

Stress Biology

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With the rapid growth of world population, it is essential to increase agricultural productivity to feed the growing population. Over the past decades, many methods have been used to increase crop yields. Despite the success in boosting the crop yield through these methods, global food production still needs to be increased to be on par with the increasing population and its dynamic consumption patterns. Additionally, given the prevailing environmental conditions pertaining to the global temperature increase, heat stress will likely be a critical factor that negatively affects plant biomass and crop yield. One of the key elements hindering photosynthesis and plant productivity under heat stress is the thermo-sensitivity of the Rubisco activase (RCA), a molecular chaperone that converts Rubisco back to active form after it becomes inactive. It would be an attractive and practical strategy to maintain photosynthetic activity under elevated temperatures by enhancing the thermo-stability of RCA. In this context, this review discusses the need to improve the thermo-tolerance of RCA under current climatic conditions and to further study RCA structure and regulation, and its limitations at elevated temperatures. This review summarizes successful results and provides a perspective on RCA research and its implication in improving crop yield under elevated temperature conditions in the future.

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Farmers' attitudes towards GM crops and their predictors

et al. 2021

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BACKGROUND: Genetically modified (GM) crops have become a controversial global issue since their commercialization in 1996. However, despite technological advancements, only a few studies have investigated farmers' attitudes towards GM crops in Malaysia. Therefore, this study aims to analyse such attitudes and their determining factors. A validated questionnaire was distributed to farmers in the Cameron Highlands, Pahang (n = 176). SPSS software was used to analyse the descriptive statistics of the farmers' attitudes to GM crops, while SmartPLS software was used to determine the predictors.RESULTS: Descriptive analysis shows that the farmers claimed to have a high level of self-efficacy, and perceived GM crops as possessing high benefits which translate into a highly positive attitude towards GM crops. However, at the same time, they rated GM crops as involving moderate risks and would incur moderate costs to farm, as well as acknowledging a low level of support from the government. The structural equation model (SEM) analysis demonstrates that five factors have been identified as direct predictors of attitude to GM crops: government support (ß = 0.364, P < 0.001), perceived costs (ß = −0.282, P < 0.01), perceived risks (ß = −0.227, P < 0.01), perceived benefits (ß = 0.205, P < 0.01) and perceived self-efficacy (ß = 0.199, P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: This study contributes to the existing knowledge and provides empirical support in explaining the factors that influence farmers' decisions to adopt GM crops and have significant implications for the future development of agrobiotechnology in Malaysia and in other developing countries.

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Recent advances in genetic manipulation of crops: A promising approach to address the global food and industrial applications

Cited by 8 publications

References 211 publications

Role of Genetics, Genomics, and Breeding Approaches to Combat Stripe Rust of Wheat

Role of Genetics, Genomics, and Breeding Approaches to Combat Stripe Rust of Wheat

Enhancing crop yield by using Rubisco activase to improve photosynthesis under elevated temperatures

Farmers' attitudes towards GM crops and their predictors

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