Recent Advances in Functional 2D MXene‐Based Nanostructures for Next‐Generation Devices

Abstract

Similar to graphene and black phosphorus (BP), 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) are of great interest in a variety of fields, such as energy storage and conversion, sensors, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, and photothermal therapy due to their excellent conductivity and hydrophilicity, large specific capacitance, high photothermal effect, and superior electrochemical performance. To further broaden applicable ranges beyond their existing boundaries and fully exploit these potentials, functional 2D MXene nanostructures in recent years have been rationally designed and developed by various approaches, such as doping strategies, surface functionalization, and hybridization, for next-generation devices with the merits of low power consumption, intelligence, and high-integration chips. This review provides an overview of the synthetic routes and fundamental properties of functional 2D MXene nanostructures, including surfacemodified 2D MXenes and mixed-dimensional MXene-based heterostructures, highlights the state-of-the-art progress in the applications of functional 2D MXene nanostructures with regard to energy storage and conversion, catalysis, sensors, photodetectors, EMI shielding, degradation, and biomedical applications, and presents the challenges and perspectives in these burgeoning fields. It is hoped that this review will inspire more efforts toward fundamental research on new functional 2D MXene-based devices to satisfy the growing requirements for next-generation systems.

Structural engineering of graphene for high‐resolution cryo‐electron microscopy

“…Besides, graphene may also be useful to control the thickness of ice, which is still difficult even with an instrument, by sandwiching ice between two layers of graphene. Other ultrathin 2D nanomaterials such as Mxenes, transition‐metal dichalcogenides, and boron nitride (BN), with good conductivity and hydrophilicity, mechanical performance, and even superconductivity, are also promising supporting film candidates for cryo‐EM grids 48–50 . It remains a great challenge to obtain the aforementioned ultrathin or single‐layer 2D nanostructures with large sizes that can fulfill the requirements as supporting films.…”

Recent Progress of Nanostructured Sensing Materials from 0D to 3D: Overview of Structure–Property‐Application Relationship for Gas Sensors

“…[ 194 ] The excellent conductivity, solution processability and the surface terminations of functional groups (such as –F, –O and –OH) make this material have potential applications in a variety of fields. [ 195 ]…”

MXenes and MXene-based materials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine: recent advances

“…83 Undeniably, MXenes with their unique physicochemical properties have demonstrated several biomedical potentials, especially for bioimaging, biosensing, cancer therapy/diagnosis, antibacterial activity, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. 84,85 But, for clinical applications of MXenes and MXene-based materials, there are still various challenging issues, especially regarding their biosafety (shortterm and long-term toxicity) and their therapeutic efficacy (especially for their potential in synergistic combinational therapy together with conventional strategies) (Fig. 8).…”