Recent Advances in Exopolysaccharides from Paenibacillus spp.: Production, Isolation, Structure, and Bioactivities

Abstract

This review provides a comprehensive summary of the most recent developments of various aspects (i.e., production, purification, structure, and bioactivity) of the exopolysaccharides (EPSs) from Paenibacillus spp. For the production, in particular, squid pen waste was first utilized successfully to produce a high yield of inexpensive EPSs from Paenibacillus sp. TKU023 and P. macerans TKU029. In addition, this technology for EPS production is prevailing because it is more environmentally friendly. The Paenibacillus spp. EPSs reported from various references constitute a structurally diverse class of biological macromolecules with different applications in the broad fields of pharmacy, cosmetics and bioremediation. The EPS produced by P. macerans TKU029 can increase in vivo skin hydration and may be a new source of natural moisturizers with potential value in cosmetics. However, the relationships between the structures and activities of these EPSs in many studies are not well established. The contents and data in this review will serve as useful references for further investigation, production, structure and application of Paenibacillus spp. EPSs in various fields.

Anticancer properties of low molecular weight oat beta-glucan – An in vitro study

“…By contrast, Huang et al [34] reported the inhibition rate of beta-(1-3) glucan isolated from Poria cocos mycelia on Sarcoma 180 as less than 10%. The antitumor activities of beta-glucans are determined by their molecular weight and solubility in water [35], which may explain why the antitumor activity of beta-glucan from P. polymyxa JB115 did not increase to a significant extent at higher concentrations [35,36]. Antitumor activity of beta-glucans has been suggested to exhibit various physiological activities depending on the relative composition of water-soluble beta-glucan, insoluble beta-glucan, hetero-beta-glucan, and beta-glucan-protein complex [34,36].…”

“…The antitumor activities of beta-glucans are determined by their molecular weight and solubility in water [35], which may explain why the antitumor activity of beta-glucan from P. polymyxa JB115 did not increase to a significant extent at higher concentrations [35,36]. Antitumor activity of beta-glucans has been suggested to exhibit various physiological activities depending on the relative composition of water-soluble beta-glucan, insoluble beta-glucan, hetero-beta-glucan, and beta-glucan-protein complex [34,36]. Macrophages play many critical functions in the body defense against neoplasm and beta-glucans are known to be an immunostimulation agents [37].…”

Effect of Exopolysaccharides of the Bacterium Paenibacillus Polymyxa 1465 on Growth and Defense Responses of Wheat

“…Paenibacillus продуцирует широкий спектр экзополисахаридов (ЭПС) с различны-ми физиологическими и биотехнологическими функциями, что способствует их активному использованию в различных промышленных процессах и сельском хозяйстве [4,12]. Также данные биополимеры являются важными ме-таболитами, которые играют ключевую роль в растительно-бактериальных взаимодействиях [6,13].…”

“…2) наиболее существенная реакция на на-личие или отсутствие света наблюдается в от-ношении колеоптиля и эпикотиля проростков, что, очевидно [5,12], связано с наличием в них различных групп сенсорных пигментов;…”

Exopolysaccharide and lactic acid bacteria: Perception, functionality and prospects

“…Moreover, a number of other important roles of microbial exopolysaccharides have been reported recently (Liang and Wang, 2015). Various exopolysaccharides have been found to protect microorganisms from dehydration, phagocytosis, predation, bacteriophage attack, and from the adversary effects of antibiotics and toxic compounds (Roberts, 1996).…”