Recent advances in elucidation of biological corrinoid functions

Stupperich, Erhard

doi:10.1016/0168-6445(93)90012-x

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 116 publications

(168 reference statements)

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“…In mammals and bacteria, cobalamins are involved in methylation of homocysteine [ 6 ] and in Class B RSMT [ 5 ]. In archaea, methyl groups are transferred by corrinoids (cobamides in which the dimethylbenzimidazole of Cbl is replaced by other bases); in methanogenic archaea, the methyl group derived from carbon dioxide, acetate, or methanol is transferred to the sulfur atom of Coenzyme M and ultimately becomes methane; in acetogenic anaerobes, the methyl group derived from carbon dioxide is transferred from methylTHF to carbon monoxide dehydrogenase yielding acetate [ 7 ]. Plants do not have cobamides.…”

Section: Methylation B 12 Involvement and Impmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Involvement of Hydrosulfide in B12-Dependent Methyl Group Transfer

Toohey¹

2017

Molecules

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Evidence from several fields of investigation lead to the hypothesis that the sulfur atom is involved in vitamin B12-dependent methyl group transfer. To compile the evidence, it is necessary to briefly review the following fields: methylation, the new field of sulfane sulfur/hydrogen sulfide (S°/H2S), hydrosulfide derivatives of cobalamins, autoxidation of hydrosulfide radical, radical S-adenosylmethionine methyl transfer (RSMT), and methionine synthase (MS). Then, new reaction mechanisms for B12-dependent methyl group transfer are proposed; the mechanisms are facile and overcome difficulties that existed in previously-accepted mechanisms. Finally, the theory is applied to the effect of S°/H2S in nerve tissue involving the “hypomethylation theory” that was proposed 50 years ago to explain the neuropathology resulting from deficiency of vitamin B12 or folic acid. The conclusions are consistent with emerging evidence that sulfane sulfur/hydrogen sulfide may be beneficial in treating Alzheimer’s disease.

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Section: Methylation B 12 Involvement and Impmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Involvement of Hydrosulfide in B12-Dependent Methyl Group Transfer

Toohey¹

2017

Molecules

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“…The 0-demethylation of phenyl-methyl ethers has been demonstrated in acetogenic bacteria of the genera Acetobucterium (Bache and Pfennig, 1981), Clostridiurn, Sporomusa and relatives (DeWeerd et al, 1988). These bacteria only utilize the methyl group of the substrate for growth and excrete the demethylated aromatic scaffold into the medium (reviewed by Stupperich, 1993;White et al, 1996). O-demethylation of 3,4-dimethoxybenzoate and other methoxy-substituted aromatic compounds has been demonstrated in cell-free extracts of S. ovata and A. woodii (Berman and Frazer, 1992;Stupperich and Konle, 1993;Stupperich et al, 1996).…”

Section: -Demethylationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter are the focus of this review. Several good reviews are available on other aspects of this theme (Dagley, 1971;Evans, 1977;Kaiser and Hanselmann, 1982;Sleat and Robinson, 1984;Young, 1984;Berry et al, 1987;Hopper, 1987;Evans and Fuchs, 1988;Hegemann, 1988;Schink and Tschech, 1988;Mohn and Tiedje, 1992;Schink et al, 1992;Stupperich, 1993;Elder and Kelly, 1994;Fetzner and Lingens, 1994;Fuchs et al, 1994;Gibson and Harwood, 1995a,b;Frazer et al, 1995;Villemur, 1995;White et al, 1996;Holhger and Zehnder, 1996).…”

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confidence: 99%

Anaerobic Metabolism of Aromatic Compounds

Heider

Fuchs

1997

European Journal of Biochemistry

285

214

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Aromatic compounds comprise a wide variety of low-molecular-mass natural compounds (amino acids, quinones, flavonoids, etc.) and biopolymers (lignin, melanin). They are almost exclusively degraded by microorganisms. Aerobic aromatic metabolism is characterised by the extensive use of molecular oxygen. Monoxygenases and dioxygenases are essential for the hydroxylation and cleavage of aromatic ring structures. Accordingly, the characteristic central intermediates of the aerobic pathways (e.g. catechol) are readily attacked oxidatively. Anaerobic aromatic catabolism requires, of necessity, a quite different strategy. The basic features of this metabolism have emerged from studies on bacteria that degrade soluble aromatic substrates to CO, in the complete absence of molecular oxygen.Essential to anaerobic aromatic metabolism is the replacement of all the oxygen-dependent steps by an alternative set of novel reactions and the formation of different central intermediates (e.g. benzoylCoA) for breaking the aromaticity and cleaving the ring; notably, in anaerobic pathways, the aromatic ring is reduced rather than oxidised. The two-electron reduction of benzoyl-CoA to a cyclic diene requires the cleavage of two molecules of ATP to ADP and P, and is catalysed by benzoyl-CoA reductase. After nitrogenase, this is the second enzyme known which overcomes the high activation energy required for reduction of a chemically stable bond by coupling electron transfer to the hydrolysis of ATP. The alicyclic product cyclohex-I ,5-diene-l-carboxyl-CoA is oxidised to acetyl-CoA via a modified P-oxidation pathway ; the ring structure is opened hydrolytically. Some phenolic compounds are anaerobically transformed to resorcinol (1,3-dihydroxybenzene) or phloroglucinol (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene). These intermediates are also first reduced and then as alicyclic products oxidised to acetyl-CoA.This review gives an outline of the anaerobic pathways which allow bacteria to utilize aromatics even in the absence of oxygen. We focus on previously unknown reactions and on the enzymes characteristic for such novel metabolism.Keywords ; aromatic metabolism ; benzoyl-CoA ; anaerobic bacteria ; aromatic-ring reduction ; phloroglucinol; resorcinol.This review deals with the art of degrading aromatic compounds to CO, in the complete absence of molecular oxygen. This ability allows bacteria to make use of natural compounds of this widespread class as substrates for growth under anoxic conditions. In nature, anoxic conditions are created when oxygen consumption exceeds its supply. This situation prevails in many environments, e.g. in the intestinal tract of animals and man, in the sediments of all natural bodies of water, in ground water and in part in soil. Aromatic compounds are produced or transformed by all organisms, plants being the most prolific producers. There are numerous low-molecular-mass aromatic compounds includ-

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“…Terzenbach and Blaut (1994) tested eight homoacetogenic strains of the genera Acetobacterium, Clostridium , and Sporomusa and the methanogen Methanolobus tindarius for their ability to dechlorinate PCE. The choice of these microorganisms was based on the fact that both homoacetogenic and methanogenic bacteria possess a carbon monoxide (CO) dehydrogenase and high concentrations of cellular corrinoid compounds previously shown to be involved in reductive dehalogenation (Krone et al, 1989; Stupperich, 1993). Among the homoacetogenic bacteria tested under semicontinuous growth conditions, reductive dechlorination of PCE was only observed with Sporomusa ovata .…”

Section: Isolation Of Anaerobic Dechlorinating Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaerobic Dechlorinating Bacteria

Fantroussi

Naveau

Agathos

1998

Biotechnology Progress

179

124

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Anaerobic dehalogenation is attracting great interest since it opens new research horizons based on the novel biochemical mechanisms identified in this field such as halorespiration, i.e. the utilization of halogenated compounds as electron acceptors. Moreover, anaerobic bacteria seem to be more efficient than their aerobic counterparts in removing halogen atoms from polyhalogenated compounds. Thus, anaerobic dehalogenation can be considered as a promising means for bioremediation treatments of persistently polluted environments. In this line, identification of pure strains capable of dehalogenation will give important information about the diversity of organisms implicated in this process and also fundamental explanations of the diverse biochemical mechanisms involved. In light of these considerations, we chose to focus this review on the physiological descriptions, dechlorination activities, phylogenetic diversity, and potential biotechnological applications of these pure anaerobic strains capable of dehalogenation.

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Recent advances in elucidation of biological corrinoid functions

Cited by 7 publications

References 116 publications

Possible Involvement of Hydrosulfide in B12-Dependent Methyl Group Transfer

Possible Involvement of Hydrosulfide in B12-Dependent Methyl Group Transfer

Anaerobic Metabolism of Aromatic Compounds

Anaerobic Dechlorinating Bacteria

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