Recent Advances in Degradable Hybrids of Biomolecules and NGs for Targeted Delivery

Abstract

Recently, the fast development of hybrid nanogels dedicated to various applications has been seen. In this context, nanogels incorporating biomolecules into their nanonetworks are promising innovative carriers that gain great potential in biomedical applications. Hybrid nanogels containing various types of biomolecules are exclusively designed for: improved and controlled release of drugs, targeted delivery, improvement of biocompatibility, and overcoming of immunological response and cell self-defense. This review provides recent advances in this rapidly developing field and concentrates on: (1) the key physical consequences of using hybrid nanogels and introduction of biomolecules; (2) the construction and functionalization of degradable hybrid nanogels; (3) the advantages of hybrid nanogels in controlled and targeted delivery; and (4) the analysis of the specificity of drug release mechanisms in hybrid nanogels. The limitations and future directions of hybrid nanogels in targeted specific- and real-time delivery are also discussed.

Advanced Hydrogels for the Controlled Delivery of Insulin

“…When a biodegradable hydrogel has been loaded with a drug, the DDS has an added advantage of sustained release over a significant period of time, improving patient compliance as well as reducing side effects and morbidity rates [19]. Overall, functional groups such as amines, esters, anhydrides, phosphazenes, and phosphate esters, which are found in the polymeric and biomolecule components, can influence hydrogel degradability [20,21].…”

Coupling of RAFT polymerization and chemoselective post-modifications of elastin-like polypeptides for the synthesis of gene delivery hybrid vectors

“…71 H NMR measurements taking the theoretical molar mass of the initial ELP (17,035 g/mol). 24 The % of functionalization was multiplied by 11 available methionine residues and by the molar mass of the respective cationic oligomer grafted for each coupling (P(TMAEMA) 6 , P(TMAEMA) 9 66,78,90,94 have higher charge densities and tend to destabilize cell membrane at high N + /P charge ratios. It is well known that this charge ratio strongly influences the nucleic acid nanocarrier's ζ-potential.…”

“…Since the middle of the 20 th century, synthetic polymers and their hybrids with biological molecules have been increasingly used in biotechnology, biomedical and pharmaceutical technologies. 1,2 While the design requirements can vary widely according to the application, the molar mass, (supra)molecular architecture, composition and chemical functionality appear to be the most important properties for a wide variety of applications, ranging from semi-conductor manufacturing, 3 anti-fouling surfaces, 4 polymeric drug delivery systems 5,6 or gene delivery applications.…”

Epigenetic Control of a Local Chromatin Landscape

“…While gene-specific control of chromatin is not currently possible in the clinical setting, several recent advances have brought the field much closer to this being a reality. CRISPR-Cas9-based therapies have already been done in patients ex vivo [214], the dCas9 system has been demonstrated as a therapeutic approach in murine models [215], Syn-TEF has advanced into in vivo studies in immunocompromised mouse models, and delivery systems such as AAV [216] and whole-protein-deliveries [217] are also being optimized. Simultaneously, advancements have been made in decreasing the size of the CRISPR system, providing greater efficiency in delivery systems such as AAV.…”