Recent advances in cytogenetic characterization of multiple myeloma

Abstract

The detection of cytogenetic abnormalities in multiple myeloma (MM) has received more importance over last years for risk stratification and the new risk-adapted treatment strategies. Conventional G-banding analysis should be included in a routine procedure for the initial diagnostic workup for patients suspected of MM. However, the detection of chromosomal abnormalities in MM by conventional cytogenetics is limited owing to the low proliferative activity of malignant plasma cells as well as the low number of plasma cells in bone marrow specimens. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or microarray-based technologies can overcome some of those drawbacks and detect specific target arrangements as well as chromosomal copy number changes. In this review, we will discuss different cytogenetic approaches and compare their strength and weakness to provide genetic information for risk stratification and prediction of outcome in MM patients.

Cytogenetic and FISH analysis of 93 multiple myeloma Moroccan patients

“…The breakpoints are located on distal parts of both chromosomes, and the translocation is undetectable by conventional chromosomal analyses, associated with unfavorable prognosis (Avet-Loiseau et al, 2007;Neben et al, 2013;Saxe et al, 2019;Table 3), the risk stratification is intermediate (Mikhael et al, 2013). It was the most common translocation among structural abnormalities and his incidence in our cohort was in agreement with the frequencies reported in the literature as shown in the Figure 3. 1q21 gain is the most frequent structural abnormality, observed in 35%-40% of the patients with MM (Saxe et al, 2019). 1q gain is an independent poor prognostic factor (Neben et al, 2013;Saxe et al, 2019; Table 3).…”

“…It was the most common translocation among structural abnormalities and his incidence in our cohort was in agreement with the frequencies reported in the literature as shown in the Figure 3. 1q21 gain is the most frequent structural abnormality, observed in 35%-40% of the patients with MM (Saxe et al, 2019). 1q gain is an independent poor prognostic factor (Neben et al, 2013;Saxe et al, 2019; Table 3). The frequency of this abnormality in our population was significantly less than that reported in one study published in the literature (Figure 3).…”

Near tetrapoloid karyotype with translocation t(11;14) in a Moroccan patient with amyloid light-chain amyloidosis and multiple myeloma

“…The t(4;14)(p16;q32) translocation is detected in 10%−15% of the patients with myeloma [6] , it is regarded as primary cytogenetic events[8]…”

“…Characterization of cytogenetic abnormalities by conventional karyotyping and interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (iFISH) is essential for MM, because of the impacts on prognosis and disease characterization [5] , [6] . Even complex karyotypes can be observed in MM, and are divided into hyperdiploid and non-hyperdiploid subtypes based on the number of chromosomes [6] . iFISH is an assay that is performed on non-dividing cells independently of cell proliferation.…”

Correlations Between Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values of WB-DWI and Clinical Parameters in Multiple Myeloma

“…FISH plays an important role in the prognosis and risk strati cation of MM patients. [26] Therefore, FISH test results may be as closely related to the burden of MM disease as the RISS staging [27] . If this is true, then FISH test results may relate to the ADC values of the lesion.…”