Recent advances in covalent organic frameworks for cancer diagnosis and therapy

Bagheri, Ahmad Reza; Liu, Chengjun; Zhang, Xiaoli; Zhou, Xiaoxia; Aramesh, Nahal; Zhou, Hongyu; Jia, Jianbo

doi:10.1039/d1bm00960e

Cited by 36 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), a class of crystalline porous materials formed by covalently linking organic units into extended networks, have emerged as appealing drug carriers in the field of biomedicine due to their nontrivial properties, such as high crystallinity, low toxicity, exceptional stability, superb structural diversity, high mechanical strength, and large specific surface area. [ 7–10 ] Particularly, the large specific surface areas and well‐ordered porous structures of COFs make them suitable candidates for effective drug loading and release. To enable the efficient tracking of the COF carriers upon cellular uptake and anticancer drug release, it is highly desired to develop fluorescent COF carriers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradable Redox‐Responsive AIEgen‐Based‐Covalent Organic Framework Nanocarriers for Long‐Term Treatment of Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Huang

Zhou

Chen

et al. 2022

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Timely restoration of blood supply after myocardial ischemia is imperative for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction but causes additional myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury, which has not been hitherto effectively targeted by interventions for MI/R injury. Hence, the development of advanced nanomedicine that can reduce apoptosis of cardiomyocytes while protecting against MI/R in vivo is of utmost importance. Herein, a redox‐responsive and emissive TPE‐ss covalent organic framework (COF) nanocarrier by integrating aggregation‐induced emission luminogens and redox‐responsive disulfide motifs into the COF skeleton is developed. TPE‐ss COF allows for efficient loading and delivery of matrine, a renowned anti‐cryptosporidial drug, which significantly reduces MI/R‐induced functional deterioration and cardiomyocyte injury when injected through the tail vein into MI/R models at 5 min after 30 min of ischemia. Moreover, TPE‐ss COF@Matrine shows a drastic reduction in cardiomyocyte apoptosis and improvements in cardiac function and survival rate. The effect of the TPE‐ss COF carrier is further elucidated by enhanced cardiomyocyte viability and triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining in vitro. This work demonstrates the cardioprotective effect of TPE‐ss COFs for MI/R injury, which unleashes the immense potential of using COFs as smart drug carriers for the peri‐reperfusion treatment of ischemic heart disease with low cost, high stability, and single postoperative intervention.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradable Redox‐Responsive AIEgen‐Based‐Covalent Organic Framework Nanocarriers for Long‐Term Treatment of Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Huang

Zhou

Chen

et al. 2022

Small

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“…Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are an emerging class of organic crystalline polymers with well-defined molecular geometry and tunable porosity, coupled with the plentiful and adjustable cavities with specific shapes and sizes, which in principle allow them to load different therapeutic drugs and/or functional species efficiently. − Therefore, COFs have become an excellent candidate for a plethora of applications ranging from energy to biomedical sciences. − Take imine-based COFs as an example, Wang’s group developed a general procedure to grow large single crystals of three-dimensional imine-based COFs involving the use of aniline as a modulator (Scheme a) . Jiang’s group reported a scalable general bottom-up approach to fabricate the two-dimensional nanosheets of a series of imine-linked COFs via an imine-exchange strategy under solvothermal conditions .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspartic Acid-Assisted Size-Controllable Synthesis of Nanoscale Spherical Covalent Organic Frameworks with Chiral Interfaces for Inhibiting Amyloid-β Fibrillation

Gao

Zhou

Yao

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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Covalent organic framework nanospheres (COF NSs) have garnered special attention due to their uniform sphere morphology, adjustable particle size, and mesoporous microenvironment. However, methods to control an optimal particle size scale while achieving solution dispersibility and specific surface properties remain underdeveloped, which precludes many of the biomedical applications. Here, we propose and develop a general strategy to access simultaneous size control and surface functionalization of uniform spherical COF NSs in a single step using aspartic acid (d-/l-Asp) that plays center roles in an acid catalyst, hydrophilicity, size-controllable synthesis, and chiral enantiomer. In this study, for the first time, we have employed a surface chemistry engineering study to create a variety of nanoscale spherical COFs and subsequently measure parameters to evaluate the effectiveness of Asp in the regulation of the particle size. Moreover, the potential utilization of the d/l-enantiomeric Asp-COF NSs in preventing β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation is investigated by analyzing their interactions with Aβ amyloids using a multitechnique experimental approach. To our knowledge, our strategy is the first synthesis of hydrophilic COF NSs with an optimal length scale and a chiral-selective targeting surface, which are crucial for the inhibition of Aβ fibrillation for Alzheimer’s disease prevention.

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“…Dong’s group developed a COF-based Ca 2+ -sensitized PDT system . However, COF-based smart systems for selective cancer diagnosis and therapy, which would accelerate the development of tumor nanomedicine, are still rare. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleic Acid-Gated Covalent Organic Frameworks for Cancer-Specific Imaging and Drug Release

et al. 2021

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Developing nanoplatforms that simultaneously integrate diagnostic imaging and therapy functions has been a promising but challenging task for cancer theranostics. Herein, we report the rational design of a smart nucleic acid-gated covalent organic framework (COF) nanosystem for cancer-specific imaging and microenvironment-responsive drug release. Cy5 dye-labeled single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) for mRNA recognition was adsorbed on the surface of doxorubicin (Dox)-loaded COF nanoparticles (NPs). Dox loaded in the pores of COF NPs could strengthen the interactions between ssDNA and COF and enhance the fluorescence quenching effect toward Cy5, while the densely coated ssDNA could prevent the leakage of Dox from COF NPs. The obtained nanosystem exhibited low fluorescence signal and Dox release in normal cells; however, the ssDNA could be released by the overexpressed TK1 mRNA in cancer cells to recover the intense fluorescence signal of Cy5, and the loaded Dox could be further released for chemotherapy. Therefore, cancer cell-specific diagnostic imaging and drug release were realized with the rationally developed nanosystem. This work offers a universal nanoplatform for cancer theranostics and a promising strategy for regulating the interaction between COFs and biomolecules.

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Recent advances in covalent organic frameworks for cancer diagnosis and therapy

Abstract: In recent years, the number of patients diagnosed with cancer has been soaring. Therefore, the design, development, and implementation of new approaches for the diagnosis and therapy of different types...

Cited by 36 publications

References 150 publications

Biodegradable Redox‐Responsive AIEgen‐Based‐Covalent Organic Framework Nanocarriers for Long‐Term Treatment of Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Biodegradable Redox‐Responsive AIEgen‐Based‐Covalent Organic Framework Nanocarriers for Long‐Term Treatment of Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Aspartic Acid-Assisted Size-Controllable Synthesis of Nanoscale Spherical Covalent Organic Frameworks with Chiral Interfaces for Inhibiting Amyloid-β Fibrillation

Nucleic Acid-Gated Covalent Organic Frameworks for Cancer-Specific Imaging and Drug Release

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