Recent Advances in Clinical Parasitology Diagnostics

Yansouni, Cédric P.; Merckx, Joanna; Libman, Michael; Ndao, Momar

doi:10.1007/s11908-014-0434-9

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Electron microscopical combination approach where culture specimens that have yielded a positive result by culture-independent testing are then submitted to public health laboratories for subtyping and sensitivity analysis. A second specimen may need to be submitted if specimens are incompatible with cultures such as dry fecal swab specimens (52)(53)(54).…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

ACG Clinical Guideline: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Acute Diarrheal Infections in Adults

Riddle

DuPont

Connor

2016

American Journal of Gastroenterology

305

238

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Acute diarrheal infections are a common health problem globally and among both individuals in the United States and traveling to developing world countries. Multiple modalities including antibiotic and non-antibiotic therapies have been used to address these common infections. Information on treatment, prevention, diagnostics, and the consequences of acute diarrhea infection has emerged and helps to inform clinical management. In this ACG Clinical Guideline, the authors present an evidence-based approach to diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of acute diarrhea infection in both US-based and travel settings. Am J Gastroenterol 2016; 111:602-622; doi: 10.1038/ajg.2016 A follow-up survey where 3,568 respondents (median age 51) were asked at random about illness in the previous 7 days or previous month found that recall bias had an important eff ect on estimates of acute gastrointestinal illness ( 10 ). Using a 7-day exposure window, the estimated incidence of acute diarrhea was 1.6 episodes per person-year, compared with 0.9 episodes per person-year if asked about illness within the preceding month. Other population-based studies from Canada and western European countries using varied methodologies estimate annual incidence between 0.1 to 3.5 episodes per person-year ( 11 18. Antibiotic chemoprophylaxis has moderate to good effectiveness and may be considered in high-risk groups for short-term use. (Strong recommendation, high level of evidence) TD, traveler's diarrhea.

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Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

ACG Clinical Guideline: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Acute Diarrheal Infections in Adults

Riddle

DuPont

Connor

2016

American Journal of Gastroenterology

305

238

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“…For a wider application of PCR-based methods in developed countries, it would be desirable to further stimulate combined testing of Schistosoma spp. with other helminths into stool-based multiplex PCR assays [118].…”

Section: Current Obstacles To Successful Implementation Of New Diagnomentioning

confidence: 99%

New diagnostic tools in schistosomiasis

Utzinger

Becker

Lieshout

et al. 2015

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

214

205

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Schistosomiasis is a water-based parasitic disease that affects over 250 million people. Control efforts have long been in vain, which is one reason why schistosomiasis is considered a neglected tropical disease. However, since the new millennium, interventions against schistosomiasis are escalating. The initial impetus stems from a 2001 World Health Assembly resolution, urging member states to scale-up deworming of school-aged children with the anthelminthic drug praziquantel. Because praziquantel is safe, efficacious and inexpensive when delivered through the school platform, diagnosis before drug intervention was deemed unnecessary and not cost-effective. Hence, there was little interest in research and development of novel diagnostic tools. With the recent publication of the World Health Organization (WHO) Roadmap to overcome the impact of neglected tropical diseases in 2020, we have entered a new era. Elimination of schistosomiasis has become the buzzword and this has important ramifications for diagnostic tools. Indeed, measuring progress towards the WHO Roadmap and whether local elimination has been achieved requires highly accurate diagnostic assays. Here, we introduce target product profiles for diagnostic tools that are required for different stages of a schistosomiasis control programme. We provide an update of the latest developments in schistosomiasis diagnosis, including microscopic techniques, rapid diagnostic tests for antigen detection, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and proxy markers for morbidity assessments. Particular emphasis is placed on challenges and solutions for new technologies to enter clinical practice.

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“…To differentiate between similar parasitic species (e.g. the pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica from non-pathogenic Entamoeba dispar) molecular techniques are recommended (PCR) [11,27,28]. To be followed up serologically until 6 months after possible exposure BCG -Bacillus Calmette-Guerin; CRP -C-reactive protein; FTA -fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption; HBV DNA -hepatitis B virus DNA; HCV RNA -hepatitis B virus RNA; HRP-2 -histidine-rich protein 2; GGTP -gamma glutamyl transpeptidase; HIV -human immunodeficiency virus; IGRA -interferon-gamma release assay; PCR -polymerase chain reaction; TPHA-treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay; VDRL -venereal disease research laboratory test…”

Section: Intestinal Parasitic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-travel screening of symptomatic and asymptomatic travelers

Korzeniewski

2020

International Maritime Health

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Until last year, terrorism, economic instability, poverty and natural disasters were considered the major threats to humans globally. Infectious diseases were seen as a minor problem. This, however, changed in 2020 when the global COVID-19 pandemic broke out and a new danger emerged. The latest events generated a lot of discussion on health hazards associated with international tourism and uncontrolled spread of pathogens across the borders. The major health problems of travelers to developing countries with harsh environmental conditions and endemic infectious diseases include gastrointestinal disorders, dermatoses, respiratory infections and fevers of unknown origin. A medical interview by an experienced physician is the foundation of the post-travel screening process both in symptomatic and asymptomatic travelers; the interview should focus on identifying exposure to risk factors (endemic infectious diseases, failure to adopt disease prevention measures, consumption of food or water from unsafe sources, insect bites, animal bites, travelling in large groups, unsafe sex with casual partners). While physical examination (identification of abnormalities) and diagnostic tests (identification of pathogens) can be useful for detecting illnesses and asymptomatic infections as well as assessing the general health condition of a patient, including his immune system. The aim of the article is to provide information on the post-travel screening process in symptomatic and asymptomatic travelers who have returned from areas with harsh climate conditions and low sanitation standards.

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Recent Advances in Clinical Parasitology Diagnostics

Cited by 23 publications

References 61 publications

ACG Clinical Guideline: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Acute Diarrheal Infections in Adults

ACG Clinical Guideline: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Acute Diarrheal Infections in Adults

New diagnostic tools in schistosomiasis

Post-travel screening of symptomatic and asymptomatic travelers

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