Recent advances in catalyst-modified Mg-based hydrogen storage materials

In situ creation of a catalytic multiphase and multiscale surroundings for remarkable hydrogen storage performance of MgH2

“…As typical d- and f-block elements, transition metals and rare earth metals display superior catalytic activity for the H 2 dissociation and are therefore frequently used as catalysts for hydrogen storage in Mg/MgH 2 . 17,34 This is confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) calculation studies. Pozzo et al systematically investigated H 2 dissociation and H atom diffusion on Mg surfaces doped with a range of transition metals (Ti, V, Zr, Fe, Ru, Co, Rh, Ni, Pd, Cu, and Ag) by DFT calculations.…”

“…9–13 Special attention has been paid to MgH 2 owing to its high hydrogen capacity (7.6 wt%), excellent reversible performance, low safety risks, and abundant reserves. 14–18 Nevertheless, the high thermodynamic stability and kinetic barrier caused by the strong Mg–H bonds and low reactivity of Mg toward H 2 give rise to an unpractical high temperature for hydrogen desorption/absorption. 19–21 Several strategies have been proposed and developed, including alloying, catalyzing, compositing, and nanostructuring, as well as their combination effects, to improve reaction thermodynamics and kinetics for hydrogen storage in Mg/MgH 2 .…”

Nanoscale engineering of solid-state materials for boosting hydrogen storage

“…Nanocatalyst loading, which is regarded as one of the most effective modification strategies, has been remarkably conducive to the promoted de/rehydriding kinetics of hydrides. 227 Nanocatalyst possesses large surface areas, abundant grain boundaries/defects, and short diffusion paths, which significantly enhance the kinetics of de/hydrogenation. As summarized in Table 3, the current nanocatalysts primarily comprise metals, metal alloys, metal compounds (such as metal oxides, metal sulfides, and metal halides), carbons, and various other nanomaterials.…”

CNTs-Pd as Efficient Bidirectional Catalyst for Improving Hydrogen Absorption/Desorption Kinetics of Mg/MgH2

“…Compared with the methods mentioned above, solid-state hydrogen storage involves storing hydrogen by adsorbing it onto solid materials. This approach not only makes hydrogen storage more compact, but also enhances its safety. , …”