2020
DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001393
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Recent Advances in Carboxylation of Furoic Acid into 2,5‐Furandicarboxylic Acid: Pathways towards Bio‐Based Polymers

Abstract: 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is one of the most important bio-sourced building blocks and several routes have been reported for its synthesis. FDCA is presumed to be an ideal green alternative to terephthalate, which is one of the predominant monomers in polymer industry. This Minireview concerns the synthesis of FDCA by using various carboxylation reactions and discusses the synthesis of FDCA starting from furoic acid and CO 2 and using different catalytic and stoichiometric processes. This process is of… Show more

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Cited by 30 publications
(40 citation statements)
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“…Generally, this reaction is carried out using homogeneous catalysts (Henkel reaction [17][18][19][20]) which are very complicated to separate from the obtained products. This is the same for melted salt [19].…”
Section: Project Objectivesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Generally, this reaction is carried out using homogeneous catalysts (Henkel reaction [17][18][19][20]) which are very complicated to separate from the obtained products. This is the same for melted salt [19].…”
Section: Project Objectivesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As expected, the key role of biobased technologies is to replace the key existing products of oil-based refinement with renewables [ 4 , 6 , 7 ]. The tremendous synthetic potential explains the unprecedented scale of research in the fields of synthesis and application of furanic platform chemicals for the production of biofuels, chemicals, polymers and other industrially important products, which was evidenced by the increasing number of relevant publications (partially since 2010, Figure 1 ) and was highlighted in many recent reviews [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This reaction has shown to be more selective than that from HMF [19][20][21]. However, the main problem in the 2,5-FDCA synthesis from furoic acid is the carboxylate group insertion on hydrocarbon C-H bonds [22,23]. As C1 feedstock, CO2 presents thermodynamic and kinetic limitations [24].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This reaction involves the thermal rearrangement or disproportionation of alkaline salts derived from aromatic acids to both the unsubstituted and the symmetrical aromatic diacids. This process is carried out under carbon dioxide or inert atmosphere, at high pressure, between 350 and 550 °C, producing potassium terephthalate and benzene from potassium benzoate in the presence However, the main problem in the 2,5-FDCA synthesis from furoic acid is the carboxylate group insertion on hydrocarbon C-H bonds [22,23]. As C1 feedstock, CO 2 presents thermodynamic and kinetic limitations [24].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%