Recent Advances in Calcium/Calmodulin-Mediated Signaling with an Emphasis on Plant-Microbe Interactions

Poovaiah, B. W.; Du, Liqun; Wang, Huizhong; Yang, Tianbao

doi:10.1104/pp.113.220780

Cited by 171 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 143 publications

(140 reference statements)

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“…However, upon prolonged exposure to low temperature or infection by biotrophic and hemibiotrophic pathogens, CAMTA-mediated repression of the SA pathway is alleviated and plant defense genes are expressed (Poovaiah et al, 2013;Fromm and Finkler, 2015). Understanding how the CAMTA proteins repress the expression of SA pathway (A) Plants that had been grown at 22°C for 4 weeks were inoculated with Pst DC3000 (OD 600 = 0.0001) and bacterial growth was measured at 0 and 3 d postinoculation as described in Methods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ability of the CAMTA proteins to repress SA immunity pathway genes is overcome in response to infection by biotrophic and hemibiotrophic pathogens (Poovaiah et al, 2013;Fromm and Finkler, 2015). It is generally thought that this regulation involves changes in the interaction of CAMTA3 with CaM caused by fluctuations in the levels of intracellular calcium that are known to occur in response to pathogen attack (Reddy et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CAMTA-Mediated Regulation of Salicylic Acid Immunity Pathway Genes in Arabidopsis Exposed to Low Temperature and Pathogen Infection

et al. 2017

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Arabidopsis thaliana calmodulin binding transcription activator (CAMTA) factors repress the expression of genes involved in salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis and SA-mediated immunity in healthy plants grown at warm temperature (22°C). This repression is overcome in plants exposed to low temperature (4°C) for more than a week and in plants infected by biotrophic and hemibiotrophic pathogens. Here, we present evidence that CAMTA3-mediated repression of SA pathway genes in nonstressed plants involves the action of an N-terminal repression module (NRM) that acts independently of calmodulin (CaM) binding to the IQ and CaM binding (CaMB) domains, a finding that is contrary to current thinking that CAMTA3 repression activity requires binding of CaM to the CaMB domain. Induction of SA pathway genes in response to low temperature did not occur in plants expressing only the CAMTA3-NRM region of the protein. Mutational analysis provided evidence that the repression activity of the NRM was suppressed by action of the IQ and CaMB domains responding to signals generated in response to low temperature. Plants expressing the CAMTA3-NRM region were also impaired in defense against the bacterial hemibiotrophic pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000. Our results indicate that the regulation of CAMTA3 repression activity by low temperature and pathogen infection involves related mechanisms, but with distinct differences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CAMTA-Mediated Regulation of Salicylic Acid Immunity Pathway Genes in Arabidopsis Exposed to Low Temperature and Pathogen Infection

et al. 2017

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“…CaM is a ubiquitous eukaryotic Ca 2+ sensor, which binds four Ca 2+ ions via EF-hand motifs arranged in N-and C-terminal globular domains. Upon binding Ca 2+ , CaM changes conformation from a closed, Ca 2+ -free state (apoCaM) to an extended Ca 2+ /CaM conformation with high affinity for a broad range of target proteins (Hoeflich and Ikura, 2002;Bouché et al, 2005;DeFalco et al, 2009;Poovaiah et al, 2013). This structural flexibility, along with the ability of some proteins to interact with CaM independently of Ca 2+ , allows CaM to regulate numerous protein targets in diverse signaling pathways (Crivici and Ikura, 1995;Yamniuk and Vogel, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Individual CNGC isoforms have been implicated in immune signaling, including the positive regulator of Arabidopsis immunity, CNGC12 (Yoshioka et al, 2006;Moeder et al, 2011). CaM is also involved in immunity, wherein it plays both positive and negative regulatory roles (Cheval et al, 2013;Poovaiah et al, 2013). Thus, CNGCs represent a poorly studied junction between Ca 2+ , CaM, and immunity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Calmodulin-binding Sites Positively and Negatively Regulate Arabidopsis CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-GATED CHANNEL12

et al. 2016

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Ca 2+ signaling is critical to plant immunity; however, the channels involved are poorly characterized. Cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGCs) are nonspecific, Ca 2+ -permeable cation channels. Plant CNGCs are hypothesized to be negatively regulated by the Ca 2+ sensor calmodulin (CaM), and previous work has focused on a C-terminal CaM-binding domain (CaMBD) overlapping with the cyclic nucleotide binding domain of plant CNGCs. However, we show that the Arabidopsis thaliana isoform CNGC12 possesses multiple CaMBDs at cytosolic N and C termini, which is reminiscent of animal CNGCs and unlike any plant channel studied to date. Biophysical characterizations of these sites suggest that apoCaM interacts with a conserved isoleucine-glutamine (IQ) motif in the C terminus of the channel, while Ca 2+ /CaM binds additional N-and C-terminal motifs with different affinities. Expression of CNGC12 with a nonfunctional N-terminal CaMBD constitutively induced programmed cell death, providing in planta evidence of allosteric CNGC regulation by CaM. Furthermore, we determined that CaM binding to the IQ motif was required for channel function, indicating that CaM can both positively and negatively regulate CNGC12. These data indicate a complex mode of plant CNGC regulation by CaM, in contrast to the previously proposed competitive ligand model, and suggest exciting parallels between plant and animal channels.

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“…In this issue, Charpentier and Oldroyd (2013) summarize the compelling evidence that the nucleoplasm can act as an independent compartment for Ca 21 signaling and discuss the potential for decoding nucleoplasm Ca 21 signals. The mechanisms for decoding cytosolic Ca 21 signals are described in comprehensive Updates focusing on the calmodulins (Poovaiah et al, 2013), the plant-specific calmodulin-like proteins (Bender and Snedden, 2013), and calcium-dependent protein kinases (Schulz et al, 2013). Ca 21 has been proposed to function in many of the major plant signaling pathways associated with biotic and abiotic stimuli (Dodd et al, 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Focus Issue: Calcium Signaling

Webb

2013

Plant Physiology

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Recent Advances in Calcium/Calmodulin-Mediated Signaling with an Emphasis on Plant-Microbe Interactions

Abstract: Calcium/calmodulin-mediated signaling contributes in diverse roles in plant growth, development, and response to environmental stimuli.

Cited by 171 publications

References 143 publications

CAMTA-Mediated Regulation of Salicylic Acid Immunity Pathway Genes in Arabidopsis Exposed to Low Temperature and Pathogen Infection

CAMTA-Mediated Regulation of Salicylic Acid Immunity Pathway Genes in Arabidopsis Exposed to Low Temperature and Pathogen Infection

Multiple Calmodulin-binding Sites Positively and Negatively Regulate Arabidopsis CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-GATED CHANNEL12

Focus Issue: Calcium Signaling

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