Recent Advances in Bidirectional Modeling and Structural Control

Abstract

This paper provides an overview of building structure modeling and control under bidirectional seismic waves. It focuses on different types of bidirectional control devices, control strategies, and bidirectional sensors used in structural control systems. This paper also highlights the various issues like system identification techniques, the time-delay in the system, estimation of velocity and position from acceleration signals, and optimal placement of the sensors and control devices. The importance of control devices and its applications to minimize bidirectional vibrations has been illustrated. Finally, the applications of structural control systems in real buildings and their performance have been reviewed.

Identification of Torsionally Coupled Shear Buildings Models Using a Vector Parameterization

“…. , , identified after three iterations, that is, = 3, using the offline LSM with 1 and the initial parameterŝ 1⋆ = 0.5 1 and̂2 ⋆ = 0.5 2 in (16), which have an error of 50% with respect to 1 and 2 . Note that the estimated natural frequencies and damping ratios in Table 6 are similar to those in Tables 2 and 3 for 1 .…”

“…Are Employed for Computing 0 and 1 in (16). This section shows the results obtained when the parameterŝ1 ⋆ ,̂1 5⋆ , 1⋆ , and̂1 5⋆ are used in (16) for computing the parameters 0 and 1 of the vector parameterization. Table 7 shows the natural frequencieŝand damping ratioŝ, = 1, 2, .…”

“…( ) . (B.1) Table 6: Natural frequencies and damping ratios estimated with the algorithm in Figure 11, where = 3 and the initial frequencieŝ1 ⋆ and̂2 ⋆ in (16) Table 7: Estimated natural frequencies obtained using estimateŝ1 ⋆ = 1 ,̂1 5⋆ = 15 ,̂1 ⋆ , and̂1 5⋆ .…”

“…The parameter identification of torsionally coupled shear building models has been a topic of interest in the last three decades [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Its identification is important because it allows verifying the structural health, or designing control law techniques that attenuate the vibration of the building when it is excited by external forces as earthquakes or wind [14][15][16]. This kind of model more closely approximates a shear building than the planar frame model, which is widely used in the literature [17][18][19].…”

“…Measured accelerations̈4 ,̈4 , and̈4 of the fourth floor that are produced by the Mexico City 1985 earthquake. and the natural frequencieŝ1 ⋆ = 1 and̂2 ⋆ = 2 are substituted into(16) in order to compute the constants 0 and 1 , corresponding to the Rayleigh damping(14), whose values are given by 0 = 0.09776, 1 = 0.001022. (68)Note that these constants are employed in the signals (45) and Φ in (46) of the proposed vector parameterization.…”