Recent Advances in Asteraceae Tissue Culture

Abraham, Jyothi; Thomas, T. Dennis

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-1917-3_9

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…In this study, we noted that the micropropagated A. africana plants had a high rate of survival (93.6%) at acclimatization, which is close to the survival rate of 95.7% recorded for the same species in a previous study (Okello et al, 2021c). It is quite common for plant species in the family Asteraceae to show high survival rates, as has been observed in E. alba (Singh et al, 2012), S. rebaudiana (Hwang, 2006), and E. scaber (Abraham and Thomas, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Indirect in vitro Regeneration of the Medicinal Plant, Aspilia africana, and Histological Assessment at Different Developmental Stages

et al. 2021

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The medicinal plant, Aspilia africana, has been traditionally used in several African countries to treat many diseases such as tuberculosis, cough, inflammation, malaria, osteoporosis, and diabetes. In this study, we developed a protocol for in vitro propagation of A. africana using indirect shoot organogenesis from leaf and root explants of in vitro-grown seedlings and assessed the tissues at different developmental stages. The highest callus induction (91.9 ± 2.96%) from leaf explants was in the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with 1.0 mg/L 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 1.0 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) while from root explants, the highest callus induction (92.6 ± 2.80%) was in the same plant tissue culture medium augmented with 0.5 mg/L BAP and 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D. The best shoot regeneration capacity from leaf-derived calli (i.e., 80.0 ± 6.23% regeneration percentage and 12.0 ± 6.23 shoots per callus) was obtained in medium augmented with 1.0 mg/L BAP and 0.05 mg/L α-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); the best regeneration capacity for root-derived calli (i.e., 86.7 ± 6.24% shoot regeneration percentage and 14.7 ± 1.11 shoots per callus) was obtained in the MS medium augmented with 1.0 mg/L BAP, 0.05 mg/L NAA, and 0.1 mg/L Thidiazuron (TDZ). Regenerated plantlets developed a robust root system in 1/2 MS medium augmented with 0.1 mg/L NAA and had a survival rate of 93.6% at acclimatization. The in vitro regenerated stem tissue was fully differentiated, while the young leaf tissue consisted of largely unorganized and poorly differentiated cells with large intercellular airspaces typical of in vitro leaf tissues. Our study established a protocol for the indirect regeneration of A. africana and offers a basis for its domestication, large-scale multiplication, and germplasm preservation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to develop an indirect regeneration protocol for A. africana and conduct anatomical assessment through the different stages of development from callus to a fully developed plantlet.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Indirect in vitro Regeneration of the Medicinal Plant, Aspilia africana, and Histological Assessment at Different Developmental Stages

et al. 2021

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“…We observed that the in vitro regenerated A. africana had a very high survival rate of 95.7% during the acclimatization period. Similar high survival rates of other plant species in the same family have also been recorded, including 100% survival for E. scaber (Abraham and Thomas, 2016), 90-100% for E. alba (Singh et al, 2012), and 98.4% for S. rebaudiana (Hwang, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…In our study, the second-best rooting of A. africana plants was in 0.75 mg/ml IBA. Similarly, other studies on related plant species also reported that IBA was ideal for rooting of in vitro regenerated shoots, including those of Elephantopus scaber ( Abraham and Thomas, 2016 ), A. xylopoda ( Erdaǧ and Emek, 2009 ), Echinacea purpurea ( Koroch et al, 2002 ), and Centaurea cineraria ( Valletta et al, 2016 ). Contrary to our findings, a few related plant species, such as S. rebaudiana ( Ahmed et al, 2007 ) and Bellis perennis ( Karakas and Turker, 2013 ), responded best to rooting in IAA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

An in vitro Propagation of Aspilia africana (Pers.) C. D. Adams, and Evaluation of Its Anatomy and Physiology of Acclimatized Plants

et al. 2021

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Aspilia africana (Pers.) C. D. Adams is an important medicinal plant, that has been used as traditional medicine in many African countries for the treatment of various health problems, including inflammatory conditions, osteoporosis, tuberculosis, cough, measles, diabetes, diarrhea, malaria, and wounds. We developed an efficient and reproducible protocol for in vitro regeneration of A. africana from nodes. We assessed the effects of plant tissue culture media on A. africana growth, cytokinins for in vitro shoot regeneration and proliferation, and auxins for the rooting of regenerated shoots. Furthermore, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rates, anatomy (leaves, stems, and roots), and Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) spectra (leaves, stems, and roots) of the in vitro regenerated and maternal A. africana plants were compared. Murashige and Skoog media, containing vitamins fortified with benzylaminopurine (BA, 1.0 mg/l), regenerated the highest number of shoots (13.0 ± 0.424) from A. africana nodal segments. 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA, 0.1 mg/l) produced up to 13.10 ± 0.873 roots, 136.35 ± 4.316 mm length, and was the most efficient for rooting. During acclimatization, the in vitro regenerated A. africana plants had a survival rate of 95.7%, displaying normal morphology and growth features. In vitro regenerated and mother A. africana plants had similar chlorophyll contents, photosynthetic rates, stem and root anatomies, and FT-NIR spectra of the leaf, stem, and roots. The established regeneration protocol could be used for large-scale multiplication of the plant within a short time, thus substantially contributing to its rapid propagation and germplasm preservation, in addition to providing a basis for the domestication of this useful, high-value medicinal plant.

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“…Cytisine plants of the genus Laburnum , family of Fabaceae , which includes species such as Laburnum anagyroides, Cytisus laburnum , or Laburnum alpinum among others, are characterized by the presence of the alkaloid cytisine, mainly in their seeds, in proportions sometimes greater than 5%, which are toxic [ 8 ]. Cytisine has traditionally been used in Eastern Europe as a respiratory stimulant, and during the Second World War it was used by soldiers as a substitute for tobacco due to its scarcity [ 9 – 11 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential uses of cytisine for smoking cessation in menopausal women – literature summary

Rubio¹,

Martínez²,

Zarzuelo³

2023

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Introduction Menopause is a vital stage in which the risk of the appearance of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases is increased. Cardiovascular risk in menopausal women must be monitored because it is one of the most common causes of mortality in these women. Smoking is an important risk factor for the development of many diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, so promoting smoking cessation in these women is important for the maintenance of cardiovascular health. Material and methods Current smoking cessation programs mainly include nicotine and varenicline as therapeutic agents, due to their history of success, safety, and efficacy in aiding in cessation, but they do not include “new” agents such as cytisine as coadjuvant in the elimination of the habit of smoking. Results Cytisine is a therapeutic agent traditionally used in Eastern Europe, which has demonstrated efficacy and safety in smoking cessation, also showing other new pharmacological actions. It has been widely used since World War II as a nicotine substitute. Conclusions These pharmacological actions, together with their efficacy in smoking cessation, should be explored to evaluate the convenience of the use of cytisine in premenopausal and postmenopausal women, so that cytisine can be identified as a useful therapeutic tool in smoking cessation programs and in particular in menopausal women.

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Recent Advances in Asteraceae Tissue Culture

Cited by 9 publications

References 119 publications

Indirect in vitro Regeneration of the Medicinal Plant, Aspilia africana, and Histological Assessment at Different Developmental Stages

Indirect in vitro Regeneration of the Medicinal Plant, Aspilia africana, and Histological Assessment at Different Developmental Stages

An in vitro Propagation of Aspilia africana (Pers.) C. D. Adams, and Evaluation of Its Anatomy and Physiology of Acclimatized Plants

Potential uses of cytisine for smoking cessation in menopausal women – literature summary

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