Recent advances in applications of single-drop microextraction: A review

Recent Developments and Applications of Microextraction Techniques for the Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Fruits and Vegetables

“…The sample and headspace volume should be maintained constantly at minimal level, since larger sample volumes will require longer extraction time and affect the stability of the microdrop. In the headspace mode, the optimized volume should be at a level which allows the microdrop to be suspended over the stirred sample, while in the direct immersion mode, the sample volume should only be enough to avoid the sample coming in contact with the septum [3,76,77]. The presence of air bubbles should also be avoided in the syringe to avoid errors in the analysis.…”

“…This helps in the elimination of any interferences and also reduces the volume of extracts, thereby concentrating the analytes [2]. The type, nature and composition of sample and the nature and concentration of analytes to be isolated or extracted determines the choice of separation and detection method to be used, and this also dictates the type of sample preparation to be employed [3,4], since the efficiency of any analysis is determined by the sample preparation step. The current trend of microextraction techniques is aimed at a reliable and accurate analysis of contaminants from complex samples.…”

Towards controlled liquid–liquid microextraction

“…In the last two decades so-called single-drop microextraction (see e.g. the review of Jain & Verma (2011)) have become very popular for sample preparation of trace organic and inorganic analysis. The principle of this method is shown in figure 1.…”

Recent Progress of On-line Combination of Preconcentration Device with Microchip Electrophoresis

“…In the device, cells Additionally, connections of other preconcentration and pretreatment techniques, such as dielectrophoresis and related techniques [72−74], and microdroplet extraction [75], to MCE also will contribute to the sensitive microfluidic analysis in the future.…”