Recent advances in 3D-printed polylactide and polycaprolactone-based biomaterials for tissue engineering applications

Arif, Zia Ullah; Khalid, Muhammad Yasir; Noroozi, Reza; Sadeghianmaryan, Ali; Jalalvand, Meisam; Hossain, Mokarram

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.140

Cited by 193 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 413 publications

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“…Biopolymer composites are degradable in natural environments when exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light, microorganisms, or moisture [ 47 ]. Biopolymers and their composites are widely used in many biological or chemical fields, among which we can highlight the pharmaceutical or medical applications, such as the fabrication of scaffolds for tissue regeneration, for which polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), poly(L-lactide-co-e-caprolactone) (PLCL), and even polycaprolactone (PCL) are used as examples of biocompatible and biodegradable biopolymers [ 45 , 47 ]. Different biopolymers used to fabricate scaffolds for tissue regeneration are shown in Figure 6 .…”

Section: Biopolymer Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Process Parameters on the Characteristics of Additively Manufactured Parts Made from Advanced Biopolymers

et al. 2023

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Over the past few decades, additive manufacturing (AM) has become a reliable tool for prototyping and low-volume production. In recent years, the market share of such products has increased rapidly as these manufacturing concepts allow for greater part complexity compared to conventional manufacturing technologies. Furthermore, as recyclability and biocompatibility have become more important in material selection, biopolymers have also become widely used in AM. This article provides an overview of AM with advanced biopolymers in fields from medicine to food packaging. Various AM technologies are presented, focusing on the biopolymers used, selected part fabrication strategies, and influential parameters of the technologies presented. It should be emphasized that inkjet bioprinting, stereolithography, selective laser sintering, fused deposition modeling, extrusion-based bioprinting, and scaffold-free printing are the most commonly used AM technologies for the production of parts from advanced biopolymers. Achievable part complexity will be discussed with emphasis on manufacturable features, layer thickness, production accuracy, materials applied, and part strength in correlation with key AM technologies and their parameters crucial for producing representative examples, anatomical models, specialized medical instruments, medical implants, time-dependent prosthetic features, etc. Future trends of advanced biopolymers focused on establishing target-time-dependent part properties through 4D additive manufacturing are also discussed.

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Section: Biopolymer Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different biopolymers used to fabricate scaffolds for tissue regeneration are shown in Figure 6 . Some synthetic biopolymers, including PLA, PCL, PGA, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in biomedicine [ 47 ].…”

Section: Biopolymer Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Process Parameters on the Characteristics of Additively Manufactured Parts Made from Advanced Biopolymers

et al. 2023

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“…Among them, PLA, a thermoplastic material with good biodegradability, biocompatibility, and processability, is an important product in the renewable chemistry industry [ 2 , 3 ]. Specifically, PLA is produced by polymerizing lactic acid or lactide from the fermentation of crops [ 4 , 5 , 6 ], which has shown great potential for application in emerging fields, such as the auto industry, in electronic devices, and so on [ 3 , 7 ]. However, the flammability and poor toughness of PLA have limited its application in emerging fields [ 3 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Mechanism of Toughened and Flame-Retardant Bio-Based Polylactic Acid Composites

Yan

et al. 2023

Polymers

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As a biodegradable thermoplastic, polylactic acid (PLA) shows great potential to replace petroleum-based plastics. Nevertheless, the flammability and brittleness of PLA seriously limits its use in emerging applications. This work is focused on simultaneously improving the flame-retardancy and toughness of PLA at a low additive load via a simple strategy. The PLA/MKF/NTPA biocomposites were prepared by incorporating alkali-treated, lightweight, renewable kapok fiber (MKF) and high-efficiency, phosphorus-nitrogenous flame retardant (NTPA) into the PLA matrix based on the extrusion–injection molding method. When the additive loads of MKF and NTPA were 0.5 and 3.0 wt%, respectively, the PLA/MKF/NTPA biocomposites (PLA3.0) achieved a rating of UL-94 V-0 with an LOI value of 28.3%, and its impact strength (4.43 kJ·m−2) was improved by 18.8% compared to that of pure PLA. Moreover, the cone calorimetry results confirmed a 9.7% reduction in the average effective heat of combustion (av-EHC) and a 0.5-fold increase in the flame retardancy index (FRI) compared to the neat PLA. NTPA not only exerted a gas-phase flame-retardant role, but also a condensed-phase barrier effect during the combustion process of the PLA/MKF/NTPA biocomposites. Moreover, MKF acted as an energy absorber to enhance the toughness of the PLA/MKF/NTPA biocomposites. This work provides a simple way to prepare PLA biocomposites with excellent flame-retardancy and toughness at a low additive load, which is of great importance for expanding the application range of PLA biocomposites.

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“…Commonly used biomaterials such as polylactic acid, poly-L-lactic acid, and polycaprolactone have been used to create synthetic scaffolding for bone regeneration applications. The dynamic 3D environment provided by these scaffolds allows for robust cell growth, powerful tensile-strength, and biodegradability [ 15 , 16 ]. Depending on the composition of the bioink used, an ideal scaffold should have adequate rigidity to withstand external and internal (blood) pressures and serve effectively for tissue regeneration [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Printed Osteoblast–Alginate/Collagen Hydrogels Promote Survival, Proliferation and Mineralization at Low Doses of Strontium Calcium Polyphosphate

et al. 2022

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The generation of biomaterials via 3D printing is an emerging biotechnology with novel methods that seeks to enhance bone regeneration. Alginate and collagen are two commonly used biomaterials for bone tissue engineering and have demonstrated biocompatibility. Strontium (Sr) and Calcium phosphate (CaP) are vital elements of bone and their incorporation in composite materials has shown promising results for skeletal repair. In this study, we investigated strontium calcium polyphosphate (SCPP) doped 3D printed alginate/collagen hydrogels loaded with MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts. These cell-laden scaffolds were crosslinked with different concentrations of 1% SCPP to evaluate the effect of strontium ions on cell behavior and the biomaterial properties of the scaffolds. Through scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy, we showed that the scaffolds had a granular surface topography with the banding pattern of alginate around 1100 cm−1 and of collagen around 1430 cm−1. Our results revealed that 2 mg/mL of SCPP induced the greatest scaffold degradation after 7 days and least amount of swelling after 24 h. Exposure of osteoblasts to SCPP induced severe cytotoxic effects after 1 mg/mL. pH analysis demonstrated acidity in the presence of SCPP at a pH between 2 and 4 at 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL, which can be buffered with cell culture medium. However, when the SCPP was added to the scaffolds, the overall pH increased indicating intrinsic activity of the scaffold to buffer the SCPP. Moreover, cell viability was observed for up to 21 days in scaffolds with early mineralization at 0.3, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL of SCPP. Overall, low doses of SCPP proved to be a potential additive in biomaterial approaches for bone tissue engineering; however, the cytotoxic effects due to its pH must be monitored closely.

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Recent advances in 3D-printed polylactide and polycaprolactone-based biomaterials for tissue engineering applications

Cited by 193 publications

References 413 publications

Influence of Process Parameters on the Characteristics of Additively Manufactured Parts Made from Advanced Biopolymers

Influence of Process Parameters on the Characteristics of Additively Manufactured Parts Made from Advanced Biopolymers

Preparation and Mechanism of Toughened and Flame-Retardant Bio-Based Polylactic Acid Composites

3D Printed Osteoblast–Alginate/Collagen Hydrogels Promote Survival, Proliferation and Mineralization at Low Doses of Strontium Calcium Polyphosphate

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