Recent advances and public health implications for environmental exposure to Chlamydia abortus: from enzootic to zoonotic disease

Turin, Lauretta; Surini, Sara; Wheelhouse, Nick; Rocchi, Mara

doi:10.1186/s13567-022-01052-x

Cited by 30 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 172 publications

(195 reference statements)

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“…26 The bacteria infect trophoblasts, causing damage, as well as inducing placentitis, vasculitis, and thrombosis. 26 The combined effects of these outcomes reduce fetoplacental exchange and ultimately cause abortion. 26 Placentitis, vasculitis, and rare thrombosis, similar to ovine cases of C. abortus, were reported in cases of C. psittaci equine abortions in Australia 6 ; the authors identified a characteristic lymphohistiocytic placentitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 The combined effects of these outcomes reduce fetoplacental exchange and ultimately cause abortion. 26 Placentitis, vasculitis, and rare thrombosis, similar to ovine cases of C. abortus, were reported in cases of C. psittaci equine abortions in Australia 6 ; the authors identified a characteristic lymphohistiocytic placentitis. 6 Similar findings were reported in C. psittaci abortions in Hungary in 2005.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Chlamydia abortus in aborted chorioallantoises of horses from Western Canada

et al. 2023

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Chlamydiae are reported to cause abortion in several species, however the association between Chlamydia sp. and equine abortions is poorly understood. A zoonotic transfer event of C. psittaci from aborted equine tissues in Australia has emphasized the need to better understand the prevalence of this pathogen in equine populations. The prevalence of chlamydia in equine abortions in North America has not been investigated thoroughly. We examined 99 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded placental samples submitted between 2009 and 2020 from equine abortions in Western Canada using chlamydia-specific 16S rRNA conventional PCR testing; 26 of 99 submissions tested positive for chlamydial DNA. Most of these submissions ( n = 17) had no final diagnosis noted on their original pathology reports. DNA sequencing identified 22 of the 26 cases as C. abortus; 21 of the 22 C. abortus–positive samples were positive on chlamydial immunohistochemistry. These findings contrast with studies in Europe that found a low prevalence of chlamydiae using similar methodology. The high prevalence of the potentially zoonotic C. abortus identified in our study suggests that more substantial biosecurity protocols may be warranted for equine foaling, abortion, and stillbirth in Western Canada to prevent zoonotic transfer of the pathogen.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Chlamydia abortus in aborted chorioallantoises of horses from Western Canada

et al. 2023

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“…17 Eine Zoonosegefahr besteht vor allem für schwangere Frauen, welche direkten oder indirekten Kontakt zu infizierten Kleinwiederkäuern sowie Totgeburten und Abortmaterial (Plazenta, Lochialflüssigkeit, Fötus) haben. 102 C. abortus-induzierte schwere Allgemeinerkrankungen und Aborte bei schwangeren Frauen nach Kontakt zu Schaf-und seltener Ziegenaborten sind mehrfach in der Schweiz und Europa beschrieben. 14,69,102 Kürzlich konnte bei einer schwangeren Frau mit SARS-CoV2-negativer Pneumonie ebenfalls C. abortus nachgewiesen werden.…”

Section: Chlamydia Abortusunclassified

“…102 C. abortus-induzierte schwere Allgemeinerkrankungen und Aborte bei schwangeren Frauen nach Kontakt zu Schaf-und seltener Ziegenaborten sind mehrfach in der Schweiz und Europa beschrieben. 14,69,102 Kürzlich konnte bei einer schwangeren Frau mit SARS-CoV2-negativer Pneumonie ebenfalls C. abortus nachgewiesen werden. 46 Diese Patientin erlitt glücklicherweise keinen Abort, hatte aber anamnestisch ebenfalls Kontakt zu einer Schaf-und Ziegenhaltung mit Abortproblemen.…”

Section: Chlamydia Abortusunclassified

Update on the zoonotic potential of Chlamydia

Albini¹,

Marti²,

Imkamp³

et al. 2023

SAT

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Knowledge of the obligate intracellular bacteria from the Chlamydiaceae family has increased significantly in recent years. Not only new chlamydia species, such as Chlamydia avium or C. buteonis in birds have been described, but also known chlamydia in new host species, such as C. psittaci in horses. This review article provides an up-to-date overview of the zoonotic potential of C. psittaci, C. abortus, C. caviae and C. felis and summarizes current findings on other chlamydia species in different animal species; supplemented by information on optimal sampling and pathogen detection.

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“…Significantly, Chlamydia trachomatis is the number one sexually transmitted bacterial pathogen globally, and also is a major cause of preventable blindness in developing countries (47)(48)(49), and C. pneumoniae is a common respiratory pathogen (50)(51)(52)(53)(54). Several animal Chlamydia species are zoonotic pathogens (55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62)(63)(64). Waddlia chondrophila is one of several Chlamydia-like organisms, termed environmental chlamydiae, typically found in lower eukaryotes, such as amoebae, but can infect, and induce abortion in, vertebrates, including humans (65).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and structural modeling of the chlamydial RNA polymerase omega subunit

Cheng

Ghatak

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Gene transcription in bacteria is carried out by the multisubunit RNA polymerase (RNAP), which is composed of a catalytic core enzyme and a promoter-recognizing σ factor. RNAP core enzyme comprises two α subunits, one β subunit, one β’ s subunit, and one ω (omega) subunit. Across multiple bacterial taxa, the RNAP ω subunit plays critical roles in the assembly of RNAP core enzyme and in other cellular functions, including regulation of bacterial growth, stress response, and biofilm formation. However, for several intracellular bacterium, including the obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia, no RNAP ω subunit previously has been identified. Here, we report the identification of Chlamydia trachomatis hypothetical protein CTL0286 as the chlamydial RNAP ω ortholog, based on sequence, synteny, and AlphaFold and AlphaFold-Multimer three-dimensional-structure predictions. We conclude that CTL0286 functions as the previously missing chlamydial ω ortholog. Extensions of our analysis indicate that all obligate intracellular bacteria have ω orthologs.IMPORTANCEChlamydiae are common mammalian pathogens. Chlamydiae have a unique developmental cycle characterized with an infectious but nondividing elementary body (EB), which can temporarily survive outside host cells, and a noninfectious reticulate body (RB), which replicates only intracellularly. Chlamydial development inside host cells can be arrested during persistence in response to adverse environmental conditions. Transcription plays a central role in the progression of the chlamydial developmental cycle as well as entry into and recovery from persistence. The identification of the elusive ω subunit of chlamydial RNAP makes possible future study of its regulatory roles in gene expression during chlamydial growth, development, and stress responses. This discovery also paves the way to prepare and study the intact chlamydial RNAP and its interactions with inhibitors in vitro.

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Recent advances and public health implications for environmental exposure to Chlamydia abortus: from enzootic to zoonotic disease

Cited by 30 publications

References 172 publications

Detection of Chlamydia abortus in aborted chorioallantoises of horses from Western Canada

Detection of Chlamydia abortus in aborted chorioallantoises of horses from Western Canada

Update on the zoonotic potential of Chlamydia

Identification and structural modeling of the chlamydial RNA polymerase omega subunit

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