Recent Advances and Future Research Directions for Hearing Loss Treatment Based on Nanoparticles

Dindelegan, Maximilian George; Blebea, Cristina Maria; Perde-Schrepler, Maria; Buzoianu, Anca Dana; Maniu, Alma

doi:10.1155/2022/7794384

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 122 publications

(163 reference statements)

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“…Parenteral drug administration requires high systemic concentrations to pass the blood-labyrinth barrier and to reach therapeutic effect at a cochlear level (Dindelegan et al, 2022). Due to the high concentrations required, these compounds may present severe side effects that can significantly reduce the number of animal subjects enrolled in a study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In otology, experimental models aided in the exploration of pathways for therapeutic agents administration, including intratympanic drug distribution, cochlear transportation via the round window (RW) or the oval window (OW) (Dindelegan et al, 2022). As cochlear implantation became a standard of care for profound hearing loss, association with different types of drug delivery methods, stem cell therapy as well as gene therapy became the new focal point (Blebea et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relevant Anatomical Details in Rats Regarding Otologic Research

Blebea¹,

Dindelegan²,

Ujvary³

et al. 2022

Int. J. Morphol.

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The objective of the study was to provide a detailed anatomical description of the rat's ear anatomy that will prove insightful to different experimental otologic surgical procedures regardless of scope. Three male Wistar rats were enrolled in the study. Candidates were screened for systemic and otologic pathology. External ear canal endoscopy was carried out with a 30˚ rigid endoscope through an image capture system. Middle ear anatomical elements were analyzed under stereomicroscopy. 3D computer tomography image reconstruction was realized with a micro-CT to describe the anatomy. Image data from all three rats were analyzed. Anatomical annotations and surgical exposure recommendations were added for key elements. The most relevant images from all three rats were selected for representation. Detailed visualization of the structural elements of the tympanic cavity were clearly visible: promontory, round window, stapedial artery, stapes, incus, and tympanic membrane were all constant findings. We describe a step wise ventral surgical approach of the middle and inner ear for which we found that the clavotrapezius muscle was a reliable landmark. For the transtympanic approach the endoscopic transcanal access was an easy and reliable method for which a detailed anatomical representation was depicted. Further, anatomical similarities to humans were observed by stereomicroscopy and Micro-CT imaging reiterating that the rat model is suitable for otologic research. The endoscopic approach to the tympanic membrane is comfortable and less expensive than a microscope. The tendon of the clavotrapezius muscle can be a reliable landmark for discovering the tympanic bulla when considering a ventral approach. 3D Micro-CT reconstruction allows intact evaluation of the samples, simultaneously being a diagnostic and also a learning tool.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevant Anatomical Details in Rats Regarding Otologic Research

Blebea¹,

Dindelegan²,

Ujvary³

et al. 2022

Int. J. Morphol.

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“…PLGA-coated electrode arrays treated with DEX, aracytine (Ara-C), Ara-C+DEX, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) were used recently in an animal study [93]. The ABR threshold of the NAD+ group continuously increased, suggesting that the treatment had no protective effect on residual hearing after CI, whereas the ABR threshold decreased in the DEX, Ara-C, and Ara-C+DEX groups seven days after surgery.…”

Section: Drug-eluting Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Concepts and Future Trends in Increasing the Benefits of Cochlear Implantation: A Narrative Review

et al. 2022

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Hearing loss is the most common neurosensory disorder, and with the constant increase in etiological factors, combined with early detection protocols, numbers will continue to rise. Cochlear implantation has become the gold standard for patients with severe hearing loss, and interest has shifted from implantation principles to the preservation of residual hearing following the procedure itself. As the audiological criteria for cochlear implant eligibility have expanded to include patients with good residual hearing, more attention is focused on complementary development of otoprotective agents, electrode design, and surgical approaches. The focus of this review is current aspects of preserving residual hearing through a summary of recent trends regarding surgical and pharmacological fundamentals. Subsequently, the assessment of new pharmacological options, novel bioactive molecules (neurotrophins, growth factors, etc.), nanoparticles, stem cells, and gene therapy are discussed.

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“…Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are distinguished by their superior chemical and physical stability. They can be functionalized with organic molecules that are biologically active, granting them excellent biocompatibility, and can be used for loading drugs or as inner ear contrast agents [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Pluronic-Coated Gold Nanoparticles in Hearing Preservation Following Cochlear Implantation-Pilot Study

et al. 2022

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Introduction: During cochlear implantation, electrode insertion can cause cochlear damage, inflammation, and apoptosis, which can affect the residual hearing. Nanoparticles are increasingly studied as a way to increase the availability of inner ear protective factors. We studied the effect on rats of Pluronic-coated gold nanoparticles (Plu-AuNPs) containing dexamethasone, which were applied locally in the rat’s middle ear following the implant procedure. Methods: Seven rats were used in the study. The right ear served as a model for the Dex-Plu-AuNP group. Following the intracochlear dummy electrode insertion through the round window, Dex-Plu-AuNPs were placed in the round window niche. In the right ear, following the same insertion procedure, free dexamethasone (Dex) was placed in the same manner. Auditory brainstem response thresholds (click stimulus, pure tones at 8 kHz, 16 kHz, 24 kHz, and 32 kHz) were measured before and one week after the procedure. A two-tailed T-test was used for the variables. Statistical significance was set as p < 0.05. Results: In the Dex-Plu-AuNP group, the threshold shift was less than that in the free dexamethasone group, but no statistical significance was noted between the groups. When compared individually, only the 8 kHz frequency showed statistically significant, better results after one week, in favor of the Dex-Plu-AuNP group. The mean postoperative 8 kHz threshold in the Dex-Plu-AuNPs was significantly lower than that of the control group (p = 0.048, t-test). For the other frequencies, statistical analysis showed no significant differences between the mean threshold shifts of the two cohorts. Conclusions: The local application of Plu-AuNPs containing dexamethasone following cochlear implantation may better protect the residual hearing than dexamethasone alone, but a larger sample size is needed to reach a possible statistical significance. Dex-Plu-AuNPs do not seem to cause ototoxicity and may be used as a carrier for other agents. In a clinical setting, Dex-Plu-AuNPs may have the effect of protecting lower frequencies in patients with partial deafness who are candidates for electric acoustic stimulation (EAS). If we consider this tendency, Dex-Plu-AuNPs may also be beneficial for patients with Ménière’s disease.

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Recent Advances and Future Research Directions for Hearing Loss Treatment Based on Nanoparticles

Cited by 9 publications

References 122 publications

Relevant Anatomical Details in Rats Regarding Otologic Research

Relevant Anatomical Details in Rats Regarding Otologic Research

Current Concepts and Future Trends in Increasing the Benefits of Cochlear Implantation: A Narrative Review

The Effect of Pluronic-Coated Gold Nanoparticles in Hearing Preservation Following Cochlear Implantation-Pilot Study

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