Recent Advances and Future Prospects of Non-Invasive Insulin Delivery Systems

Abstract

Non-invasive insulin delivery systems have been of global interest. The goal of many studies was to optimize suitable delivery formulation capable of producing comparable insulin bioavailability and safety that match or supersedes conventional delivery by the invasive subcutaneous (SC) injections. Historically, Pfizer have not secured US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) marketing approval yet. Different technologies to improve insulin's permeation and absorption through different routes are in the pipelines. This review discusses several non-invasive strategies that have been appropriately tested and duly approved by the FDA. Other delivery systems are in different phases of development, ranging from in vitro studies to phase 3 clinical trials, providing indications towards the prospects of next-generation delivery systems. This review covers studies published in the past 10 y using Scopus, Clinicaltrials.gov, PubMed and Google scholar databases. The outcomes of this review indicate that the door is still open for more innovative, efficient and convenient non-invasive insulin delivery systems than currently available which may take several years before we can see a game changer in the market. ® , Oral-Lyn ™ I In nt te er rn na at ti io on na al l J Jo ou ur rn na al l o of f A Ap pp pl li ie ed d P Ph ha ar rm ma ac ce eu ut ti ic cs s

Evolution of Insulin Delivery Devices: From Syringes, Pens, and Pumps to DIY Artificial Pancreas

“…The new-generation, disposable-syringe jet injectors (DSJIs) with disposable dose chambers (insulin cartridge) and nozzles were launched in the 1990s. Even though the idea is not first hand to the market, the wider acceptance of these devices has been stalled by the cost, low absorption with the repeated use, and high contamination rates of the previous systems [126]. Needless to say, the jet injectors are a solution for patients with needle phobia [127].…”