Recent Advances and Future Perspectives of HVDC Development in Pakistan: A Scientometric Analysis Based Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Power generation in the global power sector has recently seen a paradigm shift from centralized bulk generation to distributed generation. In this regard, there are two transmission technologies available: high-voltage alternating current (HVAC) and high-voltage direct current (HVDC). The technical and economic benefits of HVDC transmission technology have enabled many countries to implement it widely for long-distance bulk power transmission, particularly between remote locations and densely populated areas. HVDC technology, however, is still relatively new in Pakistan. Despite this, HVDC technology holds great promise in Pakistan, specifically in utilizing and integrating distributed renewable energy sources with the national grid, as well as enabling cross-border energy trade. This study aims to provide a first-ever scientometric analysis of the HVDC technology field, highlighting key research themes and trends. A correlation is established between HVDC research and its adoption in Pakistan by extracting articles from the Scopus database and analyzing them with the VOS viewer, a modern data analysis tool. The scientometric analysis indicates a minimal contribution from Pakistani authors in the field of HVDC technology as compared to authors of the neighboring nations, highlighting a significant gap in knowledge transfer and technology adoption. Moreover, an overview of HVDC technology is provided, along with a comparison between HVAC and HVDC technologies. Last but not least, Pakistan's existing and proposed HVDC projects, prospects, and challenges associated with HVDC adoption are discussed.INDEX TERMS HVDC, bulk power transmission, renewable energy, scientometric analysis.

Nonlinear Control Design of Three-Level Neutral-Point-Clamped-Based High-Voltage Direct Current Systems for Enhanced Availability during AC Faults with Semi-Experimental Validation

“…In modern electrical power transmission, high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems have emerged as vital components of the energy infrastructure, facilitating efficient longdistance electricity transmission due to their advantages such as efficient long-distance transmission and reduced transmission losses [1]. Beyond their traditional role in efficient power transfers, HVDC systems have also played a pivotal role in addressing one of the most pressing challenges of our time: the integration of renewable energy sources into the main grid [2,3].…”