Recent advances and challenges in divalent and multivalent metal electrodes for metal–air batteries

Sun, Yangting; Liu, Xiaorui; Jiang, Yiming; Li, Jin; Ding, Jia; Hu, Wenbin; Zhong, Cheng

doi:10.1039/c9ta05094a

Cited by 161 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 311 publications

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“…The design principle of the rechargeable air cathode is to satisfy the efficient gas diffusion, conductivity, and bifunctional electrocatalysis. As in such a solid electrode, the oxygen catalysis reactions occur on the gas‐electrolyte‐catalyst interface, the oxygen diffuses and adsorbs on the catalyst surface, receiving electrons from the cathode and getting reduced to hydroxyl ion during battery discharging (ORR) 15 . In contrast, the produced oxygen desorbs from the catalyst and evolves through the GDE during battery charging (OER).…”

Section: Fundamentals and Principles Of Carbon‐based Cathode Materialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon‐based cathode materials for rechargeable zinc‐air batteries: From current collectors to bifunctional integrated air electrodes

Liu

Fan

et al. 2020

Carbon Energy

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Rechargeable zinc‐air batteries (ZABs) have attracted much attention as the next‐generation energy conversion and storage devices due to the abundance and environmental friendliness of zinc (Zn) for anode materials, as well as the safety and low cost of aqueous electrolytes. However, rational design of nonprecious and low‐cost integrated air cathode materials with a desirable bifunctional oxygen electrocatalytic performance remains a great challenge for the commercialization of rechargeable ZABs. In previous research studies, various cost‐effective carbon‐supported electrocatalysts and light‐weight carbon‐based current collectors for air cathodes have been developed, showing vast potential in the application of carbon‐based materials. To improve the bifunctional performance and integration of air cathodes, efforts with respect to the design of morphology, defects, and synergistic effects of carbon‐based materials have been made. In this perspective, the general understanding of the air cathode construction and the battery working mechanism is discussed. The recent progress in the design of carbon‐based materials for air cathodes in rechargeable ZABs is summarized. Several possible future research directions and the expected development trends are also discussed, aiming to facilitate the commercialization of advanced rechargeable ZABs in our life.

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Section: Fundamentals and Principles Of Carbon‐based Cathode Materialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon‐based cathode materials for rechargeable zinc‐air batteries: From current collectors to bifunctional integrated air electrodes

Liu

Fan

et al. 2020

Carbon Energy

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“…度电池体系也可能是未来动力电池的选择, 尤其是金属空气电池和多价离子电池, 比如锌-空气电池 [29] 、镁离子电池 [30] 、铝离子电池等 [31] . On June 30th of 2019, China Association for Science and Technology announced the list of twenty questions that are considered either of guiding importance for frontiers of sciences or playing crucial roles in technological and industrial innovation.…”

Section: 其他高能量密度材料体系除了锂(离子)电池材料体系其他低成本的高能量密mentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials electrochemistry for high energy density power batteries

Shen

Chen

2020

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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“…However, despite their early beginning and being active research topics, their development and commercialization have been hampered by several remaining challenges associated with their components, such as the metal anode (corrosion, forming passivation layers, dendritic formation, electrode deformation, and energy loss due to self-discharging), air cathode (lack of efficient catalysts for both oxygen reduction and evolution reactions, affecting electrolyte stability, and gas diffusion blockage by side reaction products), and electrolyte (side reaction with the anode, reaction with CO 2 from the air, and low conductivity) [15,18] (Table 1). These problems have been well studied and reviewed in the literature [22,42,43]. As a result of the low shelf-life and cell irreversibility of the batteries, especially for Fe-air and Al-air batteries, they still remain in the early stages of development [20,31,44].…”

Section: Anode Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects for Anion-Exchange Membranes in Alkali Metal–Air Batteries

2019

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Rechargeable alkali metal–air batteries have enormous potential in energy storage applications due to their high energy densities, low cost, and environmental friendliness. Membrane separators determine the performance and economic viability of these batteries. Usually, porous membrane separators taken from lithium-based batteries are used. Moreover, composite and cation-exchange membranes have been tested. However, crossover of unwanted species (such as zincate ions in zinc–air flow batteries) and/or low hydroxide ions conductivity are major issues to be overcome. On the other hand, state-of-art anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) have been applied to meet the current challenges with regard to rechargeable zinc–air batteries, which have received the most attention among alkali metal–air batteries. The recent advances and remaining challenges of AEMs for these batteries are critically discussed in this review. Correlation between the properties of the AEMs and performance and cyclability of the batteries is discussed. Finally, strategies for overcoming the remaining challenges and future outlooks on the topic are briefly provided. We believe this paper will play a significant role in promoting R&D on developing suitable AEMs with potential applications in alkali metal–air flow batteries.

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Recent advances and challenges in divalent and multivalent metal electrodes for metal–air batteries

Abstract: This review highlights the critical challenges and the corresponding strategies for different metal electrodes in metal–air batteries.

Cited by 161 publications

References 311 publications

Carbon‐based cathode materials for rechargeable zinc‐air batteries: From current collectors to bifunctional integrated air electrodes

Carbon‐based cathode materials for rechargeable zinc‐air batteries: From current collectors to bifunctional integrated air electrodes

Materials electrochemistry for high energy density power batteries

Prospects for Anion-Exchange Membranes in Alkali Metal–Air Batteries

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