Recent Advances and Challenges in Polymer-Based Materials for Space Radiation Shielding

Abstract

Space exploration requires the use of suitable materials to protect astronauts and structures from the hazardous effects of radiation, in particular, ionizing radiation, which is ubiquitous in the hostile space environment. In this scenario, polymer-based materials and composites play a crucial role in achieving effective radiation shielding while providing low-weight and tailored mechanical properties to spacecraft components. This work provides an overview of the latest developments and challenges in polymer-based materials designed for radiation-shielding applications in space. Recent advances in terms of both experimental and numerical studies are discussed. Different approaches to enhancing the radiation-shielding performance are reported, such as integrating various types of nanofillers within polymer matrices and optimizing the materials design. Furthermore, this review explores the challenges in developing multifunctional materials that are able to provide radiation protection. By summarizing the state-of-the-art research and identifying emerging trends, this review aims to contribute to the ongoing efforts to identify polymer materials and composites that are most useful to protect human health and spacecraft performance in the harsh radiation conditions that are typically found during missions in space.

Fused Filament Fabrication of Polyethylene/Graphene Composites for In-Space Manufacturing

“…This may require modifications to the printing process, such as implementing stabilizing mechanisms to ensure layer adhesion and dimensional accuracy. Polyethylene (PE) and its composites are the most appropriate materials for creating effective radiation barriers across a range of industries, including power generation [17], medicine [18], and aerospace [19]. Moreover, employing 3D printing to process PE waste can present an environmentally friendly solution for sustainable component production, while also delivering cost savings [20].…”

Investigating polyurethane foam loaded with high-z nanoparticles for gamma radiation shielding compared to Monte Carlo simulations

“…Another example is the study by Elisa Toto et al 20 , who explored space radiation protection. Polymer-based materials are important in space radiation protection due to their low weight and mechanical properties tailored to spacecraft components.…”