“…[ 155,156] MAAH High uniformity and selectivity, short process time, and lower energy requirements compared to traditional heating methods.…”
Section: Mhtmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Degradation of glucose into toxic compounds, need of neutralization of hydrolysates, and no notable enhancement in protein hydrolysis. [110,155,157] MAO High efficiency and productivity, uniform distribution, easy recovery and reuse of organic solvents, fast heating rates, and high temperatures.…”
This review article focuses on the application of microwave-assisted techniques in various processes, including microwave-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted pyrolysis, microwave-assisted acid hydrolysis, microwave-assisted organosolv, and microwave-assisted hydrothermal pretreatment. This article discusses the mechanisms behind these techniques and their potential for increasing yield, producing more selectivity, and lowering reaction times while reducing energy usage. It also highlights the advantages and disadvantages of each process and emphasizes the need for further research to scale the processes and optimize conditions for industrial applications. A specific case study is presented on the pretreatment of coffee waste, demonstrating how the choice of microwave-assisted processes can lead to different by-products depending on the initial composition of the biomass.
“…[ 155,156] MAAH High uniformity and selectivity, short process time, and lower energy requirements compared to traditional heating methods.…”
Section: Mhtmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Degradation of glucose into toxic compounds, need of neutralization of hydrolysates, and no notable enhancement in protein hydrolysis. [110,155,157] MAO High efficiency and productivity, uniform distribution, easy recovery and reuse of organic solvents, fast heating rates, and high temperatures.…”
This review article focuses on the application of microwave-assisted techniques in various processes, including microwave-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted pyrolysis, microwave-assisted acid hydrolysis, microwave-assisted organosolv, and microwave-assisted hydrothermal pretreatment. This article discusses the mechanisms behind these techniques and their potential for increasing yield, producing more selectivity, and lowering reaction times while reducing energy usage. It also highlights the advantages and disadvantages of each process and emphasizes the need for further research to scale the processes and optimize conditions for industrial applications. A specific case study is presented on the pretreatment of coffee waste, demonstrating how the choice of microwave-assisted processes can lead to different by-products depending on the initial composition of the biomass.
“…23 The efficacy of the adsorption operation is affected by a number of variables including the composition of the adsorbent, the contaminant nature and the interactions that occur between the adsorbate and the sorbent. 206 As compared to conventional and marketed adsorbent materials like layered double hydroxide, coconut shell and activated carbon, MIL-Fe based materials in particular MIL (53,68,88,100,101)-Fe possess a significant degree of porosity coupled with a wide specific surface area, enabling this class of materials to capture a wide variety of molecules with different dimensions. [207][208][209] MIL-53 is a common MOF with "breathing" behavior, meaning its porous structure contracts and expands with variations in temperature and pressure.…”
Section: Mil-fe Based Materials For the Elimination Of Organic Contam...mentioning
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are gaining considerable interest for various uses ranging from adsorption, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, chemical sensing, catalysis and gas separation. Fe-based MOFs, especially MIL (53, 68, 88A, 88B, 100...
“…Microwave-assisted synthesis is a new green chemistry approach and has been shown to reduce energy consumption, time, cost and waste materials hazards. It has also been shown to increase the synthesis rate, reaction rate, bulk production rate, physicochemical properties, purity of materials and temperature homogeneity of the system [4]. In this approach, microwaves are able to penetrate the material and supply energy to the system; heat can be produced throughout the volume of the material resulting in volumetric heating [5].…”
The main aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of microwave irradiation time on the photocatalytic and physiological comfort characteristics of zinc-oxide-nanorod-coated cotton fabrics. An ultra-fast technique was employed to grow the zinc oxide nanorods on cotton fabrics using a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. The axial (length) and lateral (diameter) growth of the zinc oxide nanorods was observed to increase with microwave irradiation time. The ZnO nanorods uniformly and entirely covered the cotton fibers. The surface morphology, topography and chemical characteristics of the ZnO nanorods were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), EDS analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The degradation of orange II dye under UV light irradiation was observed to assess photocatalytic self-cleaning and solution discoloration ability. The ZnO-nanorod-coated cotton fabrics exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity, as the stains of orange II dye disappeared predominantly within 4 h and the coated fabrics became almost white after 6 h. Analyses of thermal properties, water vapor permeability (WVP), air permeability and stiffness were also performed to investigate the physiological comfort of the ZnO-nanorod-coated fabrics. The thermal conductivity and thermal absorptivity were observed to increase with an increase in the size and density of the ZnO nanorods. Moreover, non-significant reductions in water vapor permeability and air permeability were observed with application of the ZnO nanorods. The stiffness of the ZnO-nanorod-coated cotton fabric increased due to the complete coverage of fibers by the uniform growth of the ZnO nanorods. The ZnO-nanorod-coated cotton fabrics also showed good washing durability and reusability.
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