Recent Advancements in Gene Expression and Enabling Technologies in Crop Plants

Azhakanandam, Kasi; Silverstone, Aron L.; Daniell, Henry; Davey, M. R.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2202-4

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 722 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Genetic engineering overcomes barriers to conventional breeding and substantially increases the size of the available gene pool for rice improvement (Key et al, 2008). The most used techniques are electroporation, biolistics, and Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation and have been used for gene overexpression and silencing in rice (Azhakanandam et al, 2015). The large effort to increase stress tolerance in plants by genetic manipulation has resulted in some significant achievements (Flowers, 2004).…”

Section: Utilizing Wild Oryza Germplasm For Breeding Salt-tolerant Rimentioning

confidence: 99%

Back to the Wild: On a Quest for Donors Toward Salinity Tolerant Rice

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Salinity stress affects global food producing areas by limiting both crop growth and yield. Attempts to develop salinity-tolerant rice varieties have had limited success due to the complexity of the salinity tolerance trait, high variation in the stress response and a lack of available donors for candidate genes for cultivated rice. As a result, finding suitable donors of genes and traits for salinity tolerance has become a major bottleneck in breeding for salinity tolerant crops. Twenty-two wild Oryza relatives have been recognized as important genetic resources for quantitatively inherited traits such as resistance and/or tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. In this review, we discuss the challenges and opportunities of such an approach by critically analyzing evolutionary, ecological, genetic, and physiological aspects of Oryza species. We argue that the strategy of rice breeding for better Na + exclusion employed for the last few decades has reached a plateau and cannot deliver any further improvement in salinity tolerance in this species. This calls for a paradigm shift in rice breeding and more efforts toward targeting mechanisms of the tissue tolerance and a better utilization of the potential of wild rice where such traits are already present. We summarize the differences in salinity stress adaptation amongst cultivated and wild Oryza relatives and identify several key traits that should be targeted in future breeding programs. This includes: (1) efficient sequestration of Na + in mesophyll cell vacuoles, with a strong emphasis on control of tonoplast leak channels; (2) more efficient control of xylem ion loading; (3) efficient cytosolic K + retention in both root and leaf mesophyll cells; and (4) incorporating Na + sequestration in trichrome. We conclude that while amongst all wild relatives, O. rufipogon is arguably a best source of germplasm at the moment, genes and traits from the wild relatives, O. coarctata, O. latifolia, and O. alta, should be targeted in future genetic programs to develop salt tolerant cultivated rice.

show abstract

Section: Utilizing Wild Oryza Germplasm For Breeding Salt-tolerant Rimentioning

confidence: 99%

Back to the Wild: On a Quest for Donors Toward Salinity Tolerant Rice

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

An efficient Agrobacterium-mediated soybean transformation method using green fluorescent protein as a selectable marker

Yang

Cheng

et al. 2019

Plant Signaling & Behavior

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Genetic transformation plays a vital role in gene functional study and molecular breeding of soybean. Conventional soybean transformation methods using chemical selectable markers, such as antibiotic or herbicide resistance genes, rely on the identification of positive transgenic lines at advanced developmental stages, making selection procedure labor intensive and time consuming. Utilization of a visual maker to track the transgene would avoid the uncertainty and blindness in the transformation process. In this research, we used green fluorescent protein (GFP) as the selectable marker to detect transgenics at early stages of soybean development. Positive transformants were detected recurrently during each stage of the process based on visualization of the green fluorescence signal, which help us to discard the non-transgenic ones in each stage to reduce the unnecessary experimental cost and lab space. In addition, the positive transgenic seeds can be identified before planting for early detection of transgene and obtain homozygous lines in advance. The method established in this study is also a useful reference for other plant species.

show abstract

Virus-Mediated Transient Expression Techniques Enable Gene Function Studies in Black-Grass

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Virus-mediated transient expression techniques enable gene function studies in black-grassDear Editor, Weeds are arguably among the most economically important groups of plant species. They have major agronomic and environmental impacts and affect food security. For winter-cereal farmers in Western Europe, black-grass (Alopecurus myosuroides) is the most problematic weed as it survives chemical control methods (Hicks et al., 2018, Varah et al., 2020 and reproduction occurs within a standard cropping cycle (Moss, 1983, Colbach et al., 2006. Importantly, black-grass also directly reduces yields (Varah et al., 2020). Novel disruptive technologies mitigating herbicide-resistance evolution and enabling better control are therefore urgently required. This could be achieved by gaining a better understanding of black-grass biology and identifying genes underpinning its success as an agricultural weed. However, functional studies have been impeded by the lack of tools for genetic transformation and/or functional genomics in this species. Here we demonstrate the transient expression tools Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) and Virus-mediated protein overexpression (VOX) developed for crop monocots can be used in black-grass.Transient expression techniques offer the means to quickly and specifically alter gene expression in a low-to medium-throughput manner even in plant species that are difficult or not yet possible to transform. Those mediated by plant virus-derived vectors, i.e. VIGS and VOX, allow systemic silencing of target genes or protein overexpression throughout young or adult plant tissues. Different viral vectors based on viruses with RNA or DNA genomes have been developed for gene-function studies in monocots (reviewed in Lee et al., 2015, Kant and Dasgupta, 2019). Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) and Foxtail mosaic virus (FoMV) are the most commonly used in wheat and, with variable success, other cereal crops and grass species (

show abstract

Recent Advancements in Gene Expression and Enabling Technologies in Crop Plants

Cited by 6 publications

References 722 publications

Back to the Wild: On a Quest for Donors Toward Salinity Tolerant Rice

Back to the Wild: On a Quest for Donors Toward Salinity Tolerant Rice

An efficient Agrobacterium-mediated soybean transformation method using green fluorescent protein as a selectable marker

Virus-Mediated Transient Expression Techniques Enable Gene Function Studies in Black-Grass

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About