Recent advancement in the synthesis of diverse spiro-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalines: a review

Abstract

The nitrogen-containing indeno[1,2-b]quinoxaline ring is a privileged structurally fused active system and has notable applications in various fields of chemistry.

Graphene Oxide Catalyzed Synthesis of Fused Chromeno Spiro Pyrrolidine Oxindoles via Tandem Decarboxylation and 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition

“…MCRs being operationally simple, if coupled with heterogeneous catalysts like graphene oxide (GO), can result in sequences that are easy to carry out with high yields ( Sachdeva., 2020 ; Naeim-Fallahiyeh et al, 2020 ). Currently, the synthesis of complex molecules having appealing stereochemistry being synthesized by relatively simple protocol and environmental conscience is of utmost importance and can be largely correlated by frequent reports occurring in literature ( Sharma et al, 2021 ; Singh et al, 2021 ). As a part of our group’s research interest in sustainable and operationally simple, efficient sequences, we wish to report a simple and effective method mediated by azomethine ylide for the construction of a library of complex spiro-pyrrolizineindoline and spiro-pyrroleindoline molecules via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction in a one-pot, multicomponent approach using a heterogeneous catalyst ( Chowhan et al, 2019 ; Lakshmi et al, 2020 ).…”

Green Synthesis of Indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalines Using β-Cyclodextrin as Catalyst

“…Furthermore, functionally substituted indeno [2,3-b]quinoxalines show potential as acid corrosion inhibitors for mild steel surfaces (VI) [8] and can be used as a photonic sensor to detect fluorescent dyes in the waste effluents of textiles, paper, dyes, and other industrial products (VII) [9] (Figure 1). Therefore, a great deal of attention has been paid to the construction of indeno [1,2b]quinoxaline skeleton compounds [10]. Among these methods, the condensation of OPD with indan-1,2-diones or 1,2,3-indanetriones [11][12][13] (Scheme 1, Equation (i)) and the α-halogenation of 1-indanones with OPDs are the most commonly practiced [14,15] (Scheme 1, Equation (ii)).…”

Regioselective Synthesis of Iminothiazolidinone Appended Novel Dispiro Indenoquinoxaline‐Pyrrolidines by 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Strategy

“…Literature survey reveals a large number of reports on 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reactions of indenoqunioxalinone based azomethine ylides with various dipolarophiles such as nitro olefins, α, β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds, α, β‐unsaturated ester and α, β‐unsaturated nitrile compounds etc [4b] . However, to the best of our knowledge a stereoselective 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction of azomethine ylides derived from indenoqunioxalinone with alkyl‐2‐[( Z )‐4‐oxo‐3‐aryl/alkyl‐2‐(arylimino)thiazolidin‐5‐ylidene] acetate as a dipolarophile has not yet been reported so far.…”