Recellularization of well‐preserved decellularized kidney scaffold using adipose tissue‐derived stem cells

Abstract

To establish a recellularization kidney model by using adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) as seeding cells and to investigate the growth and differentiation of ADSCs in decellularized kidney scaffolds. ADSCs were isolated using a modified method and then identified using flow cytometry analysis. Osteogenesis and adipogenesis differentiation were performed. Rat kidneys were decellularized using 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate. Immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and scanning electron microscope were conducted to examine the scaffold microstructure. The decellularized kidney scaffold was seeded with ADSCs antegrade through the artery or retrograde through the ureter and cultured for 5-10 days. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry were applied to assess growth and differentiation of seeding cells within the scaffold. ADSCs populated within the glomerular, vascular, and tubular area of kidney scaffolds. Cells differentiated toward endothelial or tubular cells. Stromal cell-derived factor 1 promoted cell attachment in the scaffold. These findings suggest that ADSCs can be used as an additional new source of seeding cells within decellularized kidney scaffold. This combination may offer an alternative to donor kidney transplant. In this way, autologous ADSCs can be utilized as seeding cells in cell-scaffold kidney regeneration for further clinical transplantation. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 805-814, 2018.

Stem cells: a potential treatment option for kidney diseases

“…Renal scaffolds were successfully produced from porcine, rat, and human kidneys [80][81][82][83][84]. Considering as a potent cell source for scaffold recellularization, embryonic stem cells and adipose tissue-derived stem cells have been seeded into renal scaffolds, achieving cell adherence, proliferation, differentiation, endothelialization, and vascularization [84][85][86][87]. Du et al have first attempted to repopulate a kidney scaffold using hiPSC-derived endothelial cells (hiPSC-ECs) [88].…”

Innate tissue properties drive improved tendon healing in MRL/MpJ and harness cues that enhance behavior of canonical healing cells

“…The notion of utilizing the naturally deposited extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffold is supported by recent studies in other tissues, which have been interrogating the isolated ECM to develop tissue therapeutics 9 . For instance, decellularized kidney, 10 skeletal muscle, 11 and heart 12 matrices from non‐regenerative mammalian models have been utilized in attempts to reprogram cell behavior in vitro and in vivo with the goal of elucidating mechanisms to reverse tissue damage and encourage regeneration. Consequently, the overarching goal of this study is to identify the potential of MRL/MpJ tendon ECM‐derived coatings to regulate canonical healing.…”

Induced Intermediate Mesoderm Combined with Decellularized Kidney Scaffolds for Functional Engineering Kidney

“…In contrast, when stem cells were induced into kidney progenitor cells and combined with a DC scaffold, the cells could further differentiate into renal cells [14]. The same problems occurred in our previous studies on the adhesion and differentiation of stem cells [22,23]. Takasato et al induced hiPSCs in vitro to obtain kidney organoids that possessed kidney structures and partial kidney function [9], but because of a lack of blood supply, the kidney progenitor cells were limited in their growth and functional differentiation.…”

“…Kidney scaffolds were recellularized according to our previous protocol [23]. Briefly, after the decellularized scaffold was prepared, ADSCs were harvested using 0.25% trypsin/EDTA (Gibco, Grand Island, NY, USA) at approximately 80% confluence.…”