Receiving sensitivity and transmitting voltage response of a fluid loaded spherical piezoelectric transducer with an elastic coating

Abstract

A method is presented to determine the response of a spherical acoustic transducer that consists of a fluid-filled piezoelectric sphere with an elastic coating embedded in infinite fluid to electrical and plane-wave acoustic excitations. The exact spherically symmetric, linear, differential, governing equations are used for the interior and exterior fluids, and elastic and piezoelectric materials. Under acoustic excitation and open circuit boundary condition, the equation governing the piezoelectric sphere is homogeneous and the solution is expressed in terms of Bessel functions. Under electrical excitation, the equation governing the piezoelectric sphere is inhomogeneous and the complementary solution is expressed in terms of Bessel functions and the particular integral is expressed in terms of a power series. Numerical results are presented to illustrate the effect of dimensions of the piezoelectric sphere, fluid loading, elastic coating and internal material losses on the open-circuit receiving sensitivity and transmitting voltage response of the transducer.

Modeling and analysis of multilayer piezoelectric-elastic spherical transducers

“…For the i th elastic layer, the linear constitutive equations for spherically symmetric problem can be written as (George et al, 2010; Keles and Tutuncu, 2009; Stavsky and Greenberg, 2003)…”

“…In comparison to the above two kinds of configurations, the transducer based on the spherical design can achieve omnidirectional sound transmitting and receiving (Alkoy, 1999; Alkoy et al, 1997, 1999, 2009; George et al, 2010; Hu et al, 2011; Kim et al, 2005; Qin, 2010). In Alkoy et al’s (1997, 2009) works, two miniature piezoelectric hollow sphere transducers were fabricated from PZT-5A powder and donor-doped Navy Type II lead zirconate titanate powder through a coaxial nozzle slurry process, respectively.…”

“…Kim et al (2005) proposed a model which eliminated the terms including e 31 from the governing equations to investigate radial vibration characteristics of spherical piezoelectric transducers. Li et al (2000, 2001) and George et al (2010) adopted a method using Frobenius power-series and Bessel functions to discuss the spherically symmetric steady-state responses of empty and fluid-filled piezoelectric spherical shells, and the receiving sensitivity and transmitting voltage response of a fluid loaded spherical piezoelectric transducer, respectively. Ramirez and Buchanan (2004) presented a finite element formulation based on nine-node Lagrangian interpolation functions to study free vibration of homogeneous and layered piezoelectric hollow spheres.…”

Study on the interactions between the coatings of electric conductor or dielectric media and piezoelectric substrate in the piezoelectric functional devices

“…(27,31), the compatibility conditions in Eq. (23) for interface z = 0 can be separated into the following form:…”

“…A method of a spherical acoustic transducer that consists of a piezoelectric sphere substrate and an elastic coating is presented by Georgea and Ebenezer. 31 Danoyan and Piliposian 32 have discussed the existence and behavior of electro-elastic Love waves in a piezoelectric substrate with dielectric coating. Feng and Li 33 pointed out that surface electro-elastic SH waves can also propagate in the dielectric-piezoelectric structures.…”