Receiving of emotional signal of pain from conspecifics in laboratory rats

Nakashima, Satoshi; Ukezono, Masatoshi; Nishida, Hiroshi; Sudo, Ryunosuke; Takano, Yuji

doi:10.1098/rsos.140381

Cited by 30 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…It develops on the basis of emotional contagion—i.e., the automatic matching between one’s own emotional state and the state of the perceived other (Preston and de Waal, 2002 ). Notably, emotional contagion is present from birth and also found in other mammals (Dondi et al, 1999 ; Langford et al, 2006 ; Nakashima et al, 2015 ). When children develop a self-other distinction around the age of 15 months, they also start to be aware that shared feelings originate from the state of the other person and are able to volitionally attend to it or not—an ability that constitutes an essence of affective empathy (Preston and de Waal, 2002 ; Bischof-Köhler, 2012 ).…”

Section: An Rldm Framework For Prosocial Behaviormentioning

confidence: 79%

Goal-directed, habitual and Pavlovian prosocial behavior

Gesiarz

Crockett

2015

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Although prosocial behaviors have been widely studied across disciplines, the mechanisms underlying them are not fully understood. Evidence from psychology, biology and economics suggests that prosocial behaviors can be driven by a variety of seemingly opposing factors: altruism or egoism, intuition or deliberation, inborn instincts or learned dispositions, and utility derived from actions or their outcomes. Here we propose a framework inspired by research on reinforcement learning and decision making that links these processes and explains characteristics of prosocial behaviors in different contexts. More specifically, we suggest that prosocial behaviors inherit features of up to three decision-making systems employed to choose between self- and other- regarding acts: a goal-directed system that selects actions based on their predicted consequences, a habitual system that selects actions based on their reinforcement history, and a Pavlovian system that emits reflexive responses based on evolutionarily prescribed priors. This framework, initially described in the field of cognitive neuroscience and machine learning, provides insight into the potential neural circuits and computations shaping prosocial behaviors. Furthermore, it identifies specific conditions in which each of these three systems should dominate and promote other- or self- regarding behavior.

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Section: An Rldm Framework For Prosocial Behaviormentioning

confidence: 79%

Goal-directed, habitual and Pavlovian prosocial behavior

Gesiarz

Crockett

2015

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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“…Across mammals, social communication of emotion occurs via chemosignals 76,77 , vocalizations 65 , and overt behaviors 78,79 . Foot-shocked rats emit social odors that can either attract conspecifics to promote social buffering or serve as social alarm signals 80 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insular Cortex Mediates Approach and Avoidance Responses to Social Affective Stimuli

Rogers

Varela

Gribbons

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Social animals detect the affective states of others and utilize this information to orchestrate appropriate social interactions. Social affective behaviors include cooperation, reproductive acts and avoiding sick individuals. In a social affective behavioral test in which experimental adult male rats were given the choice to interact with either naive or stressed conspecifics, the experimental rats demonstrated both approach and avoidant behaviors towards the conspecific, depending upon the age of the conspecific; experimental adult rats approached the stressed juvenile but avoided the stressed adult. Optogenetic inhibition of the insular cortex, a region anatomically positioned to contribute to social cognition, disrupted these behaviors. Receptors for the social nonapeptide oxytocin (OT) are found in high density within the insular cortex and here oxytocin increased intrinsic excitability and synaptic efficacy in acute insular cortex slices. Blockade of oxytocin receptors (OTRs) in the insula eliminated the effect of conspecific stress on approach behavior, while insular administration of OT recapitulated the behaviors typically observed in response to stressed conspecifics. Network analysis using Fos immunoreactivity identified functional connectivity between the insular cortex and the network of regions involved in social decision making. These results implicate insular cortex as a novel target of OT and suggest that insula is a key component in the circuit underlying age-dependent social responses to stressed conspecifics.Social animals, including humans, have an enormous repertoire of behavioral expressions that provide for the transmission of one's affective state to other members of the group 1-3 . Sensory and perceptive systems in the "social decision-making network" (SDMN) which consists of the social brain network 4 and the mesolimbic reward system 5 allow one to appraise these social stimuli and integrate them with past experiences, situational, and somatic factors to shape specific behavioral responses 6 . In addition to the SDMN, growing evidence implicates insular cortex in responding to socioemotional stimuli in humans. When tasked to identify the emotion of another from a facial expression, or to observe another suffer a painful stimulation, a reliable neural correlate is relative increase in the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal in the insular cortex 7,8 . Accordingly, emotion recognition and empathic deficits have been reported among individuals with insular cortex lesions [9][10][11][12] . Empathic processes are also disrupted in autism spectrum 1 Department of Psychology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA 2 These authors made equal contributions to this work. *Corresponding Author: John P. Christianson, Department of Psychology, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA, Email: j.christianson@bc.edu, Phone: +1-617-552-3970.A note about the preprint. This manuscript was submitted to bioRxiv.org after multiple rounds of peer review. The manuscrip...

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“…We also suggest investigating more complex and insightful features of human ASD in the VPA model. Rodent behavioural equivalents have been developed for a number of superior neural functions affected in ASD, including: visual emotion recognition [81,82]; decisionmaking under uncertainty (e.g., reversal learning and the Iowa gambling test) [83,84]; various aspects of empathic processing [85]; fine motor coordination [86][87][88]; and sensory temporal-binding windows [86,89,90]. These are common impairments in humans with ASD [91][92][93][94][95][96].…”

Section: Suggestions For Future Vpa-model-specific Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the Valproic-Acid-Induced Rodent Model of Autism

et al. 2020

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by repetitive behaviours, cognitive rigidity/inflexibility, and social-affective impairment. Unfortunately, few pharmacological treatments exist to alleviate these socio-behavioural impairments. Prenatal administration of valproic acid (VPA) has become an accepted animal model of ASD and has been extensively used to explore new pharmacotherapies in rodents. We conducted a systematic review of the behavioural impairments induced by the VPA model in rodents, with specific reference to 3 core socio-behavioural alterations associated with ASD: repetitive behaviours, cognitive rigidity/inflexibility, and social-affective impairment. We systematically reviewed studies attempting to alleviate these core behavioural alterations using pharmacological means. We include 132 studies exploring the prenatal effects of VPA in rodents. Gestational exposure to VPA in rodents has significant effects on rodent-equivalent measures of the 3 core behavioural traits characteristic of ASD in humans, inducing social impairments, repetitive behaviour, and cognitive rigidity/inflexibility after birth. This model's validity has seen it used to test potential drug treatments for ASD and is likely to continue doing so. We conclude the rodent VPA model may be suitable to examine future therapeutic interventions for ASD, providing an overview of the progress made so far.

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Receiving of emotional signal of pain from conspecifics in laboratory rats

Cited by 30 publications

References 20 publications

Goal-directed, habitual and Pavlovian prosocial behavior

Goal-directed, habitual and Pavlovian prosocial behavior

Insular Cortex Mediates Approach and Avoidance Responses to Social Affective Stimuli

A Systematic Review of the Valproic-Acid-Induced Rodent Model of Autism

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