Recall of emotional states in posttraumatic stress disorder: an fMRI investigation

Lanius, Ruth A.; Williamson, Peter C.; Hopper, James W.; Densmore, Maria; Boksman, Kristine; Gupta, Madhulika A.; Neufeld, R. W. J.; Gati, Joseph S.; Menon, Ravi S.

doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01466-x

Cited by 284 publications

(214 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

188

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The basolateral nucleus of the amygdala has strong connections with the stritaum and thalamus, which in turn projects to the PFC (Davis and Whalen, 2001). Previous studies show lower thalamic activation in PTSD patients for combat sights and sounds as well as script-driven symptom provocation (Bremner et al, 1999b;Lanius et al, 2001;Lanius et al, 2003b). Our findings suggest that in PTSD the role of the thalamus is impaired in executive processing and striatal regions generally are impaired in affective processing.…”

Section: Integration With Symptom Provocation Literaturesupporting

confidence: 51%

Neural systems for executive and emotional processing are modulated by symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in Iraq War veterans

Morey

Petty

Cooper

et al. 2008

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The symptom provocation paradigms generally used in neuroimaging studies of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have placed high demands on emotion processing but lacked cognitive processing, thereby limiting the ability to assess alterations in neural systems that subserve executive functions and their interactions with emotion processing. Thirty-nine veterans from Iraq and Afghanistan underwent functional MR imaging while exposed to emotional combat-related and neutral civilian scenes interleaved with an executive processing task. Contrast activation maps were regressed against PTSD symptoms as measured by the Davidson Trauma Scale. Activation for emotional compared to neutral stimuli was highly positively correlated with level of PTSD symptoms in ventral frontolimbic regions, notably the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, inferior frontal gyrus, and ventral anterior cingulate gyrus. Conversely, activation for the executive task was negatively correlated with PTSD symptoms in the dorsal executive network, notably the middle frontal gyrus, dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus, and inferior parietal lobule. Thus, there is a strong link between the subjectivelyassessed behavioral phenomenology of PTSD and objective neurobiological markers. These findings extend the largely symptom provocation-based functional neuroanatomy to provide evidence that interrelated executive and emotional processing systems of the brain are differentially affected by PTSD symptomatology in recently deployed war veterans.

show abstract

Section: Integration With Symptom Provocation Literaturesupporting

confidence: 51%

Neural systems for executive and emotional processing are modulated by symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in Iraq War veterans

Morey

Petty

Cooper

et al. 2008

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The posterior corona radiata comprises thalamocortical and corticospinal projections, which are postulated to be important in the psychopathology of PTSD (Lanius et al, 2003). Alterations in superior longitudinal fasciculus FA values have previously been reported in PTSD patients compared with trauma-exposed controls (Daniels et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment Outcome-Related White Matter Differences in Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Kennis

Rooij

Tromp

et al. 2015

Neuropsychopharmacol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating disorder that has been associated with brain abnormalities, including white matter alterations. However, little is known about the effect of treatment on these brain alterations. To investigate the course of white matter alterations in PTSD, we used a longitudinal design investigating treatment effects on white matter integrity using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Diffusion tensor and magnetization transfer images were obtained pre-and posttreatment from veterans with (n = 39) and without PTSD (n = 22). After treatment, 16 PTSD patients were remitted, and 23 had persistent PTSD based on PTSD diagnosis. The dorsal and hippocampal cingulum bundle, stria terminalis, and fornix were investigated as regions of interest. Exploratory whole-brain analyses were also performed. Groups were compared with repeated-measures ANOVA for fractional anisotropy (FA), and magnetization transfer ratio. Persistently symptomatic PTSD patients had increasing FA of the dorsal cingulum over time, and at reassessment these FA values were higher than both combat controls and the remitted PTSD group. Group-by-time interactions for FA were found in the hippocampal cingulum, fornix, and stria terminalis, posterior corona radiata, and superior longitudinal fasciculus. Our results indicate that higher FA of the dorsal cingulum bundle may be an acquired feature of persistent PTSD that develops over time. Furthermore, treatment might have differential effects on the hippocampal cingulum, fornix, stria terminalis, posterior corona radiata, and superior longitudinal fasciculus in remitted vs persistent PTSD patients. This study contributes to a better understanding of the neural underpinnings of PTSD treatment outcome.

show abstract

“…Evidence for the precise nature of ACC involvement in PTSD remains somewhat inconsistent. Most studies have demonstrated decreased rostral ACC activity relative to controls when patients are presented with trauma-related emotional stimuli (Bremner, 1999;Bremner et al, 1999;Lanius et al, 2001Lanius et al, , 2003Shin et al, 1999Shin et al, , 2001; L. M. Williams et al, 2006). For example, PTSD patients' ACC activity decreases when they view facial expressions of fear-a decrease that is correlated with increased trauma impact and symptomatology (L. M. Williams et al, 2006).…”

Section: Acc: Mediator Of Affect Distressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbed dreaming, posttraumatic stress disorder, and affect distress: A review and neurocognitive model.

Levin

Nielsen

2007

Psychological Bulletin

518

557

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nightmares are common, occurring weekly in 4%-10% of the population, and are associated with female gender, younger age, increased stress, psychopathology, and dispositional traits. Nightmare pathogenesis remains unexplained, as do differences between nontraumatic and posttraumatic nightmares (for those with or without posttraumatic stress disorder) and relations with waking functioning. No models adequately explain nightmares nor have they been reconciled with recent developments in cognitive neuroscience, fear acquisition, and emotional memory. The authors review the recent literature and propose a conceptual framework for understanding a spectrum of dysphoric dreaming. Central to this is the notion that variations in nightmare prevalence, frequency, severity, and psychopathological comorbidity reflect the influence of both affect load, a consequence of daily variations in emotional pressure, and affect distress, a disposition to experience events with distressing, highly reactive emotions. In a cross-state, multilevel model of dream function and nightmare production, the authors integrate findings on emotional memory structures and the brain correlates of emotion.Keywords: nightmares, distress, neurophysiology of fear memory, posttraumatic stress disorder, psychopathology Nightmares are the most common form of disturbed dreaming. Vivid, with emotions escalating at times to the brink of terror, they are manifestations of the dramatic autonomic and cognitive fluctuations that can arise during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and, under certain circumstances, during Stage 2 sleep. Nightmares can be simple and benign or so emotionally severe that they beg for comparison with psychotic episodes (C. Fisher, Byrne, Edwards, & Kahn, 1970;Hartmann, 1984;Sullivan, 1962). Occasional nightmares are almost ubiquitous in the general population. However, frequent distressing nightmares are more common than generally thought, affecting 4%-10% of individuals by conservative estimates. Nightmares are also extremely common following trauma exposure. Posttraumatic nightmares may depict traumarelated content and, in cases of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), may at times replicate the trauma with great distress (for review, see Mellman & Pigeon, 2005).There has been a proliferation of experimental work on posttraumatic and nontraumatic nightmares in the past 15 years, the vast majority of which has examined the psychopathological correlates of individuals with frequent nightmares. Furthermore, recent advances in neuroscience have greatly expanded our understanding of dreaming and related brain functions (Maquet, 2000;Maquet et al., 2000) as well as the pathogenic mechanisms implicated in fear conditioning and the development of PTSD (LeDoux, 2000;Ohman & Mineka, 2001). However, despite the clear implications of these developments for understanding nightmares, there are still no comprehensive models of nightmare etiology and no conceptual frameworks for understanding the link between posttraumatic and nontraumatic nightm...

show abstract

Recall of emotional states in posttraumatic stress disorder: an fMRI investigation

Cited by 284 publications

References 31 publications

Neural systems for executive and emotional processing are modulated by symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in Iraq War veterans

Neural systems for executive and emotional processing are modulated by symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in Iraq War veterans

Treatment Outcome-Related White Matter Differences in Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Disturbed dreaming, posttraumatic stress disorder, and affect distress: A review and neurocognitive model.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About