Rebreathing in a subject wearing an integral crash helmet.

Greenbaum, Rachel; Malins, A F; Davies, Rhys; Baskett, Peter

doi:10.1136/bmj.284.6318.774

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(1 reference statement)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It has been demonstrated that rebreathing occurred in a subject wearing a variety of integral crash helmets under differing conditions (Greenbaum et al, 1982). Carbon dioxide retention inside integral 'full face' helmets has been confirmed by another study (Aldman et al, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…On the road there will be airflow over the helmet which will reduce rebreathing. However, in certain circumstances this limit may be exceeded when the rider restricts airflow into his helmet (Greenbaum et al, 1982;Aldman et al, 1981).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the worst conditions the maximum inspired oxygen can decrease to 16x0 kPa with a concomitant increase in minimum inspired carbon dioxide tension (PIC02) to 2x1 kPa (Greenbaum et al, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effect of rebreathing on psychomotor skills when wearing integral crash helmets.

Malins¹,

Curnow²,

Baskett³

et al. 1984

Emergency Medicine Journal

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYNine volunteer subjects underwent psychomotor testing when wearing an integral crash helmet in a variety of conditions which lead to rebreathing. There was a wide individual variation in the extent of rebreathing. In the worst conditions the minimum inspired carbon dioxide tension (P1C02) increased to 2-6 kPa. The psychomotor test was a tracking test based on a microcomputer. There was a significant deterioration in the ability to perform the test when the helmet was worn with the visor down and restricted airflow into the helmet (P = < 0.05). In those tests when the minimum P1CO2 exceeded 05 kPa the decrease in performance was more highly statistically significant (p = < 0 005).Rebreathing wearing integral crash helmets results in a variable impairment in the subjects' ability to perform a tracking test. We recommend that the maximum level of CO2 retention inside integral crash helmets should not exceed 0 5 kPa minimum PIC02.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of rebreathing on psychomotor skills when wearing integral crash helmets.

Malins¹,

Curnow²,

Baskett³

et al. 1984

Emergency Medicine Journal

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Their effect on the physical and psychological performance was studied indirectly when determining various aspects: heat flux in manikin tests [4], influence of hair growth and air velocity on heat flux [5], rebreathing [6], concentration of gases under the helmet [7], sources and levels of noise under the helmet in a wind tunnel [8], vision capability and hearing [9], arrival time judgements [10], etc. The objective of our experiments was to determine a sufficiently sensitive and comprehensive method for assessing the impact of integral motorcycle helmets on human psychomotor and physiological reactions that could also be used for fewer subjects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%