Rebound of a coal tar creosote plume following partial source zone treatment with permanganate

Determination of potassium permanganate demand variation with depth for oxidation–remediation of soils from a PAHs-contaminated coking plant

“…The vial was capped, thoroughly shaken, and placed in the dark for different periods (1,2,4,8,16, and 32 d). Subsequently, a liquid (50 L) sample was collected from each vial, diluted (0.05 mL, 50 mL) and tested for potassium permanganate concentration.…”

“…It is vital not only for the most effective remediation at the lowest cost, but also for avoiding potential environmental risks associated with inappropriate use of oxidants [1,2,[5][6][7]. The rebound of contaminant concentrations after chemical oxidation-remediation has been reported in numerous research and engineering projects [5,7,8]. This is primarily because of underestimating the oxidant demand, contaminant and oxidant mass transfer and mass transport limitations [2], and consequently the incomplete removal of contaminant of all fractions (e.g.…”

In situ oxidation and associated mass-flux-reduction/mass-removal behavior for systems with organic liquid located in lower-permeability sediments

“…In addition, the alteration of permeability associated with reaction product formation during ISCO applications observed in several studies (e.g., Reitsma and Marshall, 2000; Schroth et al, 2001; Heiderscheidt et al, 2008) may affect the mass flux and mass removal behavior. For example, the results of a recent multi-year field trial of permanganate-based oxidation for a creosote-contaminated site showed an initial (1–2 years post injection) decrease in mass discharge, followed by longer-term (4 years post injection) rebound in mass discharge up to or above preinjection levels (Thomson et al, 2008). As noted (Soga et al, 2004), minimal effort to date has been devoted to specifically examining mass flux reduction and mass removal behavior associated with ISCO treatment of organic liquid in heterogeneous porous media.…”

Pollution and pollution controls

“…For some sites stabilization of the source may be the best practical solution to decrease the contaminant mass loading to the plume and associated off-site migration. At the bench scale, the deposition of manganese oxides, a permanganate reaction by-product, has been shown to cause pore plugging and the formation of a manganese oxide layer adjacent to the non-aqueous phase liquid creosote, which reduces post-treatment mass transfer and hence mass loading from the source (Thomson et al, 2008).…”