Reassortant Cache Valley Virus Associated With Acute Febrile, Nonneurologic Illness, Missouri

Baker, Molly D; Hughes, Holly R.; Naqvi, S. Hasan; Yates, Karen F; Velez, Jason O.; McGuirk, Sophia R.; Schroder, Barb; Lambert, Amy J.; Kosoy, Olga; Pue, Howard; Turabelidze, George; Staples, J. Erin

doi:10.1093/cid/ciab175

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Our progressive timepoints (days 1, 3, 5) showed a decrease which may be associated with the histopathologic inflammation observed. This has previously been recorded in human infections with CVV and other bunyavirus infections [ 16–19 ], which provides further support of an accurate reflection of CVV disease in this model. The immunoassays showed the most significant cytokine/chemokine responses in CVV-infected IFN-αβR -/- mice at 3 and 5 DPI.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Rates were as high as 96.7% in the eastern U.S., to 53.3% in the central U.S., and 58.9% in the Western U.S. [ 15 ]. CVV infections have been reported in humans [ 9 , 16–19 ] and seroprevalence rates in humans have been shown to be as high as 40% [ 9 , 19–22 ]. The virus is known to cause disease in humans, including fever, headaches, nausea, fatigue, encephalitis, meningitis, spontaneous abortions, and macrocephaly in infants [ 17–20 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel murine models for studying Cache Valley virus pathogenesis and in utero transmission

López

Wilson

Coutermash-Ott

et al. 2021

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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Cache Valley virus (CVV) is a prevalent emerging pathogen of significant importance to agricultural and human health in North America. Emergence in livestock can result in substantial agroeconomic losses resulting from the severe embryonic lethality associated with infection during pregnancy. Although CVV pathogenesis has been well described in ruminants, small animal models are still unavailable, which limits our ability to study its pathogenesis and perform preclinical testing of therapeutics. Herein, we explored CVV pathogenesis, tissue tropism, and disease outcomes in a variety of murine models, including immune -competent and -compromised animals. Our results show that development of CVV disease in mice is dependent on innate immune responses, and type I interferon signalling is essential for preventing infection in mice. IFN-αβR -/- mice infected with CVV present with significant disease and lethal infections, with minimal differences in age-dependent pathogenesis, suggesting this model is appropriate for pathogenesis-related, and short- and long-term therapeutic studies. We also developed a novel CVV in utero transmission model that showed high rates of transmission, spontaneous abortions, and congenital malformations during infection. CVV infection presents a wide tissue tropism, with significant amplification in liver, spleen, and placenta tissues. Immune-competent mice are generally resistant to infection, and only show disease in an age dependent manner. Given the high seropositivity rates in regions of North America, and the continuing geographic expansion of competent mosquito vectors, the risk of epidemic and epizootic emergence of CVV is high, and interventions are needed for this important pathogen.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel murine models for studying Cache Valley virus pathogenesis and in utero transmission

López

Wilson

Coutermash-Ott

et al. 2021

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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show abstract

“…In recent years, isolates have become increasingly characterized by nucleic-acid-based methods [ 18 , 19 , 20 ], including whole-genome sequencing, rather than serology. This transition has facilitated the more rapid identification of reassortant viruses [ 4 , 21 ] and allows for taxonomic classification based upon nucleic-acid-based criteria for demarcation [ 1 ]. In fact, with the advent of RT-PCR, isolation-based methods have become more infrequently used altogether in the interest of the relatively fast, specific answer that these methods, including nested, real-time, and consensus formats, can provide when directly applied to clinical samples [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Methods For the Detection Of Phleboviruses And Their Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinically Important Phleboviruses and Their Detection in Human Samples

Lambert

Hughes

2021

Viruses

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The detection of phleboviruses (family: Phenuiviridae) in human samples is challenged by the overall diversity and genetic complexity of clinically relevant strains, their predominantly nondescript clinical associations, and a related lack of awareness among some clinicians and laboratorians. Here, we seek to inform the detection of human phlebovirus infections by providing a brief introduction to clinically relevant phleboviruses, as well as key targets and approaches for their detection. Given the diversity of pathogens within the genus, this report focuses on diagnostic attributes that are generally shared among these agents and should be used as a complement to, rather than a replacement of, more detailed discussions on the detection of phleboviruses at the individual virus level.

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“…no. KX100118-KX100120), isolated in Mexico in 1961 from Culex titillans mosquitoes [38]. To date, full-length CHLV L segments have not been obtained.…”

Section: Cache Valley Orthobunyavirusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current View on Genetic Relationships within the Bunyamwera Serological Group

Dolgova

Safonova

Faye

et al. 2022

Viruses

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The Bunyamwera serological group includes a number of geographically widespread viruses that are related but not identical and have serological cross-reactivity. As the first group members were obtained in the pre-sequencing era, their classifications (group attribution, species differentiation) were originally based on serological reactions. At the same time, the accuracy of the typing in each case depended on the variety of viruses that the researcher had as a comparison panel. With the advent of sequencing techniques, it has become customary to use identity thresholds (nucleotide or amino acid composition) as demarcation criteria for the interspecific differentiation of viral species. Identity thresholds are determined by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) and are regularly reviewed. Similar criteria were established for the Orthobunyavirus genus, which includes members of the Bunyamwera serological group. On the basis of these criteria, the species attributions of some members of the serological group need to be clarified. For this purpose, we analyzed sequences (available in NCBI GenBank) of viruses belonging to the Bunyamwera serological group in order to clarify their phylogenetic positions on the basis of the current demarcation criteria established by the ICTV.

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Reassortant Cache Valley Virus Associated With Acute Febrile, Nonneurologic Illness, Missouri

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Novel murine models for studying Cache Valley virus pathogenesis and in utero transmission

Novel murine models for studying Cache Valley virus pathogenesis and in utero transmission

Clinically Important Phleboviruses and Their Detection in Human Samples

Current View on Genetic Relationships within the Bunyamwera Serological Group

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