Reassessment of lead exposure in New Jersey using GIS technology

Guthe, William G.; Tucker, Robert E.; Murphy, Eileen A.; England, Randy; Stevenson, Ed; Luckhardt, Joan C.

doi:10.1016/s0013-9351(05)80038-6

Cited by 48 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…For example, according to NHANES II, one reason black children are at higher risk of lead poisoning may be that blacks have lower intakes of dietary calcium than do whites, a finding that has been corroborated by several studies (25 intolerance, cultural unfamiliarity with drinking milk, poverty, restricted access to market, and limited food storage facilities (25). Several recent studies have used spatial analysis and geographic information system (GIS) technology to compare the spatial distribution of blood lead levels with identified risk factors for exposures (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). These studies were implemented at the census tract, block group, block, and/or U.S.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping for prevention: GIS models for directing childhood lead poisoning prevention programs.

Miranda

Dolinoy

Overstreet

2002

Environ Health Perspect

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Environmental threats to children's health-especially low-level lead exposure-are complex and multifaceted; consequently, mitigation of these threats has proven costly and insufficient and has produced economic and racial disparities in exposure among populations. Policy makers, public health officials, child advocates, and others currently lack the appropriate infrastructure to evaluate children's risk and exposure potential across a broad range of risks. Unable to identify where the highest risk of exposure occurs, children's environmental health programs remain mitigative instead of preventive. In this article we use geographic information system spatial analysis of data from blood lead screening, county tax assessors, and the U.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Postal Service ZIP code) but not considered relative weights (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). In this study we estimate and apply relative weights for risk factors at a very high geographic resolution: the individual tax parcel unit level.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping for prevention: GIS models for directing childhood lead poisoning prevention programs.

Miranda

Dolinoy

Overstreet

2002

Environ Health Perspect

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“…First, recent studies show the influence of inhalation, ingestion and dermal exposure pathways, and significant variations between outdoor, indoor and microenvironmental conditions ( Lippmann and Lioy, 1985;Michael et al, 1990;Polissar et al, 1990;McKone, 1991;Wartenberg, 1992;Guthe et al, 1992;Stallones et al, 1992;Covello and Merkhofer, 1993;Briggs and Elliot, 1995;Kimborough et al, 1995 ). Exposures from an``indirect'' pathway (e.g., air to soil to food ) can greatly exceed contributions from thè`d irect'' inhalation pathway (Sedman et al, 1994 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residence location as a measure of environmental exposure: a review of air pollution epidemiology studies

Huang

Batterman

2000

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

160

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Residence location has long been used to indicate environmental exposure in many epidemiological studies. This indicator is easy to establish, requires little exposure or monitoring data, and is potentially applicable to many types of investigations. The validity, accuracy and utility of residence location as an exposure indicator, however, is challenged by current concerns regarding multiple exposure pathways, persistent and toxic contaminants, and cumulative exposures from non -point, mobile and point sources. This paper reviews 45 epidemiological studies that use residence location to identify study populations and estimate air pollution exposures. Thirteen ( 29% ) of the studies determined environmental exposures based on``proximity'' measures, usually the distance from a subject's residence to a pollutant source. Other studies used``zones'' presumed to have equal pollutant levels. Several studies combined zone and proximity approaches. Exposures were quantified using monitoring data in 27 ( 60% ) studies and dispersion modeling in two ( 4% ) studies. Sixteen ( 36% ) studies did not use any environmental data to quantify exposure. A total of 31 ( 69% ) of the studies reported significant associations between health endpoints and the pollutant exposures represented by residence location. In general, comprehensive and systematic approaches to identify and estimate population exposures were not used, and the exposure estimates were therefore deemed likely to have great uncertainty. Unless exposure levels among groups are verified, it cannot be determined whether nonsignificant associations between exposures and health endpoints indicate a lack of measurable health effects, or are merely a result of exposure misclassification. Site -specific and quantitative exposure assessments are needed to better quantify and confirm exposures within such studies, as well as to permit interpretations and comparisons across studies. Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology (2000) 10, 66 ± 85.

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“…At the data preparation stage, address geocoding is the most used tool to transfer tabular data sets, such as screened children addresses, into GIS [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]23]. Various GIS functions were used for multivariate mapping of BLLs and risk factors in a limited custom such as linking SES data with screened data records [49,50], map overlays [51,52], distance calculations [53], and hyperlinks to demolishing sites' photos and city maps for mapping dust-fall lead loadings [54].…”

Section: Ecological Studies and Gis Use In Childhood Lead Poisoningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Childhood Lead Exposure through GIS: A Review of the Recent Literature

Akkus¹,

Ozdenerol²

2015

Everyday Environmental Toxins

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Childhood exposure to lead remains a critical health control problem in the US. Integration of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) into childhood lead exposure studies significantly enhanced identifying lead hazards in the environment and determining at risk children. Research indicates that the toxic threshold for lead exposure was updated three times in the last four decades: 60 to 30 micrograms per deciliter (µg/dL) in 1975, 25 µg/dL in 1985, and 10 µb/dL in 1991. These changes revealed the extent of lead poisoning. By 2012 it was evident that no safe blood lead threshold for the adverse effects of lead on children had been identified and the Center for Disease Control (CDC) currently uses a reference value of 5 µg/dL. Review of the recent literature on GIS-based studies suggests that numerous environmental risk factors might be critical for lead exposure. New GIS-based studies are used in surveillance data management, risk analysis, lead exposure visualization, and community intervention strategies where geographically-targeted, specific intervention measures are taken.

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Reassessment of lead exposure in New Jersey using GIS technology

Cited by 48 publications

References 1 publication

Mapping for prevention: GIS models for directing childhood lead poisoning prevention programs.

Mapping for prevention: GIS models for directing childhood lead poisoning prevention programs.

Residence location as a measure of environmental exposure: a review of air pollution epidemiology studies

Exploring Childhood Lead Exposure through GIS: A Review of the Recent Literature

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