Reasons for substance use among people with mental disorders

Thornton, Louise; Baker, Amanda; Lewin, Terry J.; Kay‐Lambkin, Frances; Kavanagh, David J.; Richmond, Robyn; Kelly, Brian; Johnson, Martin P.

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.11.039

Cited by 104 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…Students with poor mental health, relative to peers with strong mental health, tend to endorse stronger motivations for drinking (e.g., Cooper et al, 1995;Thornton et al, 2012). Specifi cally, evidence supports that students with poor mental health usually drink to reduce or regulate negative internal (coping motives) or external (conformity motives) states (McNally et al, 2003;O'Hare and Shen, 2012;Windle and Windle, 2012).…”

Section: Mental Health and Drinking Motives On Alcohol Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Health, Sleep Quality, Drinking Motives, and Alcohol-Related Consequences: A Path-Analytic Model

Kenney

Lac

LaBrie

et al. 2013

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: Poor mental health, sleep problems, drinking motivations, and high-risk drinking are prevalent among college students. However, research designed to explicate the interrelationships among these health risk behaviors is lacking. This study was designed to assess the direct and indirect infl uences of poor mental health (a latent factor consisting of depression, anxiety, and stress) to alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences through the mediators of global sleep quality and drinking motives in a comprehensive model. Method: Participants were 1,044 heavy-drinking college students (66.3% female) who completed online surveys. Results: A hybrid structural equation model tested hypotheses involving relations leading from poor mental health to drinking motives and poorer global sleep quality to drinking outcomes. Results showed that poor mental health signifi cantly predicted all four subscales of drinking motivations (social, coping, conformity, and enhancement) as well as poor sleep. Most of the drinking motives and poor sleep were found to explain alcohol use and negative alcohol consequences. Poor sleep predicted alcohol consequences, even after controlling for all other variables in the model. The hypothesized mediational pathways were examined with tests of indirect effects. Conclusions: This is the fi rst study to assess concomitantly the relationships among three vital health-related domains (mental health, sleep behavior, and alcohol risk) in college students. Findings offer important implications for college personnel and interventionists interested in reducing alcohol risk by focusing on alleviating mental health problems and poor sleep quality. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 74, 841-851, 2013)

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Section: Mental Health and Drinking Motives On Alcohol Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Health, Sleep Quality, Drinking Motives, and Alcohol-Related Consequences: A Path-Analytic Model

Kenney

Lac

LaBrie

et al. 2013

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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“…In contrast to individuals with AUD and AD, those with MD may be more socially isolated and less motivated to smoke in public settings, such as restaurants and bars. For example, Thornton et al (2012) found that only 9% of those with depression reported social motives for smoking (Thornton et al, 2012). We also did not find significant interactions with psychiatric disorders when examining cigarette consumption, among those who continued to use tobacco.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Are Statewide Restaurant and Bar Smoking Bans Associated With Reduced Cigarette Smoking Among Those With Mental Illness?

Smith

Young-Wolff

Hyland

et al. 2014

Nicotine & Tobacco Research

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“…Essa estratégia parece motivar o uso de cannabis em pacientes com vulnerabilidade a ansiedade (Johnson el al., 2010) mas é uma motivação secundária em pacientes com psicose ou depressão (Thornton et al, 2012), que relatam buscar na droga um aumento do prazer. Não há evidências de aumento no valor hedônico de estímulo prazerosos, sendo necessário mais estudos ligados a percepção desses em usuários de cannabis.…”

Section: Uso De Cannabis E Psicopatologiaunclassified

Alterações na percepção emocional em usuários de cannabis

Bueno¹

2014

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Recebido: 06out13Aceito: 26set14 Publicado: 13nov14 Revisado por AnônimosResumo. O conhecimento das alterações cognitivas decorrentes do consumo regular de cannabis é deficiente, em particular no que se refere a sua influência de ordem emocional. Neste estudo é revisado como o uso da cannabis pode levar a alterações neurológicas e perceptuais, em especial quanto ao reconhecimento de emoções e de situações ameaçadoras. São encontradas evidências de dessensibilização na percepção de estímulos estressores, fator de relevância potencial nas discussões sobre o desenvolvimento de psicopatologias e dependência da substância. Palavras-chave. Cannabis; Percepção emocional; Psicopatologias; Dependência.Abstract. The knowledge of cognitive changes related to the regular consumption of cannabis is restricted, particularly concerning to emotional changes. In this study it is reviewed how the use of cannabis can lead to neurological and perception alterations, particularly in what concerns to recognizing emotions and threatening situations. Evidence suggest that it occurs desensibilization of perception related to potentially stressing stimuli that may be relevant for psychopathology development and for addiction to this substance. Keywords. Cannabis; Emotional perception; Psychopathology; Addiction.Contato: carolina.bueno@usp.br Revisão CannabisEstima-se que cerca de 8,8 % da população brasileira já experimentou maconha, sendo que, dentre esses usuários, 31,89 % faz uso da substância mais de 3 vezes por semana (OBID, 2005). Um estudo de âmbito nacional mostrou que cerca de 2,1 % da população brasileira fez uso de maconha nos 12 meses anteriores à pesquisa (Jungerman et al., 2010), sendo que as regiões Sul e Sudeste exibem maior número relativo de usuários. Dentre as substâncias presentes na maconha destacam-se o cannabidiol (CBD) e o delta-9-tetraidrocanabinol (THC) como principais mediadores de seu efeito. As alterações fisiológicas e farmacodinâmicas causadas pelo CBD ainda são pouco compreendidas, sabendo-se que este atua na via endocanabinoide sem alterações sobre o psiquismo, ou seja, sem efeitos psicotrópicos (Iuvone et al., 2009). A substância pode, no entanto, realçar, inibir ou ser indiferente à ação desencadeada pelo THC, dependendo da dose e da região encefálica analisada (Hayakawa et al., 2008;Malone et al., 2009). O THC é uma molécula capaz de se ligar a receptores canabinoides do tipo 1 (CB1) e do tipo 2 (CB2) levando a efeitos psicotrópicos. Os receptores CB1 são possivelmente os receptores acoplados a proteína G mais abundantes no encéfalo, presentes em alta concentração no hipocampo, algumas regiões olfatórias, caudado-putamen, núcleo accumbens, substância negra pars reticulata (SNr), globo pálido e na porção horizontal da banda diagonal de Broca. Algumas regiões do encéfalo apresentam densidade moderada desse receptor como neocórtex, núcleo basal da amígdala, hipotálamo medial e núcleo do trato solitário; enquanto outras, como o tálamo e o tronco encefálico apresentam baixa densidade do receptor (SvíZenská...

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Reasons for substance use among people with mental disorders

Cited by 104 publications

References 42 publications

Mental Health, Sleep Quality, Drinking Motives, and Alcohol-Related Consequences: A Path-Analytic Model

Mental Health, Sleep Quality, Drinking Motives, and Alcohol-Related Consequences: A Path-Analytic Model

Are Statewide Restaurant and Bar Smoking Bans Associated With Reduced Cigarette Smoking Among Those With Mental Illness?

Alterações na percepção emocional em usuários de cannabis

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