Reasons for Not HIV Testing, Testing Intentions, and Potential Use of an Over-the-Counter Rapid HIV Test in an Internet Sample of Men Who Have Sex With Men Who Have Never Tested for HIV

MacKellar, Duncan; Hou, Su‐I; Whalen, Christopher C.; Samuelsen, Karen; Sanchez, Travis; Smith, Amanda; Denson, Damian; Lansky, Amy; Sullivan, Patrick S.

doi:10.1097/olq.0b013e31820369dd

Cited by 121 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Overall, these results highlight the importance of primary HIV prevention that emphasizes both the HIV risk inherent even in infrequent or rare risk behavior, as well as the importance of frequent, routine HIV testing, regardless of perceived risk. [40][41][42] Results from this study also show that unemployed MSM were significantly less likely to be recently tested for HIV, even after controlling for whether they engaged in risky sexual behavior. Importantly, income was not associated with recent HIV testing, and the ''employed'' group included individuals who were full-time students, suggesting that the observed association is not being driven by access to financial resources alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…[37][38][39] However, the relationship between HIV testing and risk behavior among MSM gives reason for concern. On the one hand, research suggests that MSM who do not test frequently believe that their HIV risk is ''low,'' [40][41][42] despite the CDC characterization of MSM as ''high risk'' group. 35 In a study providing HIV testing in bathhouses, Mayer reported that two-thirds of the MSM who engaged in UAI in the 2 months prior to HIV testing considered their HIV risk to be low, 43 suggesting that some MSM inaccurately assess the risk associated with their behavior.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Risk Patterns Preceding Diagnosis Among Newly HIV-Diagnosed Men Who Have Sex with Men in New York City

Drabkin

Sikkema

Wilson

et al. 2013

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk for contracting and transmitting HIV. They are increasingly encouraged to get tested, but understanding of the interplay between HIV testing and risk behavior is limited. One hundred fifty newly HIV-diagnosed (within past 3 months) MSM were recruited from a community clinic in New York City. Participants completed an interview assessing sexual behavior and substance use during the 3 months pre-diagnosis, current depressive symptoms, and prior HIV testing. HIV-related health characteristics at diagnosis were abstracted from medical records. Analyses examined factors associated with unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) in the 3 months pre-diagnosis, and with a negative HIV test in the 12 months pre-diagnosis. The sample was young (mean age = 32.5, SD = 8.8), ethnically diverse (62% racial/ethnic minority), low-income (71% £ $30,000/year), and educated (48% college/advanced degree). Most (95%) had a prior negative HIV test, 55% within the last 12 months. Significant risk behavior was reported, with 79% reporting UAI. UAI was associated with recent testing and use of substances during sexual behavior. Recent testing was associated with being employed/a student, having had UAI, and higher CD4 count. Implications for future research addressing perceived HIV risk, HIV testing utilization, and risk behavior are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Patterns Preceding Diagnosis Among Newly HIV-Diagnosed Men Who Have Sex with Men in New York City

Drabkin

Sikkema

Wilson

et al. 2013

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…One dimension could certainly relate to lack of faith in the confidentiality of testing in routine services, and consequent fear of discrimination. Discrimination and stigma are well known barriers to testing 1,8,23,25,26,27,28,29 . Respondents also reported low levels of risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incentives and barriers to HIV testing in men who have sex with men in a metropolitan area in Brazil

et al. 2016

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“…Lan Zhang et al reported that no perceived risk of HIV infection and not knowing where to get a test were among the top five reasons for not taking an HIV test [10]. Perception of a low risk of HIV infection was mentioned as being among the major barriers to testing in another study from China [11], and a study in six US cities [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV testing uptake among female sex workers and men who have sex with men in Tbilisi, Georgia

Tsereteli¹,

Chikovani

Chkhaidze

et al. 2013

HIV Medicine

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ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to investigate HIV testing practice among female sex workers (FSWs) and men who have sex with men (MSM) in Tbilisi, Georgia and to identify determinants of never testing behaviour among MSM. MethodsData obtained in two rounds of bio-behavioural surveys among FSWs (2006and 2009) and MSM (2007 were analysed. Determinants of never testing behaviour among MSM were investigated among 278 respondents recruited in 2010 through respondent-driven sampling. ResultsKnowledge about the availability of HIV testing and never testing behaviour did not show changes among FSWs and MSM. Every third FSW and every second MSM had never been tested for HIV according to the latest surveys in 2010. In bivariate analysis among MSM, consistent condom use during anal intercourse with a male partner in the last year, awareness of HIV testing locations and preventive programme coverage were negatively associated with never testing behaviour, while those who considered themselves at no risk of HIV transmission were more likely to have never been tested. In multivariate analysis, lower odds of never testing for HIV remained for those who were aware of HIV testing locations [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 0.12; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.04-0.32] and who reported being covered by HIV prevention programmes (AOR 0.26; 95% CI 0.12-0.56). ConclusionsIn view of the concentrated HIV epidemic among MSM in Georgia and the low rate of HIV testing uptake, interventions in this key population should take into consideration the factors associated with testing behaviour. The barriers to HIV testing and counselling uptake should be further investigated. SHORT COMMUNICATION 29Our research aimed to evaluate HIV testing and to identify determinants of never testing practice based on two rounds of Bio-BSSs conducted among FSWs (2006and 2009) and MSM (2007 in Tbilisi, Georgia. MethodsFSWs were recruited through time-location sampling (TLS), with a sample size of 160 for each round of the survey. TLS is a probabilistic method where recruitment of respondents from a hidden population is carried out at specific times in set venues. Recruitment of MSM was carried out through respondent-driven sampling (RDS). RDS is a modified form of snowball sampling, where the sample is weighted to compensate for not being randomly selected. RDS allows networks of study participants to be identified. This method is based on the assumption that peers are better able than researchers to recruit members of a hidden population. In the 2007 and 2010 surveys, 140 and 278 MSM were recruited, respectively.Inclusion criteria for FSWs were age ≥ 18 years and involvement in commercial sex in Tbilisi. Inclusion criteria for MSM were age ≥ 18 years, homosexual contact with a male partner during the last 12 months and Tbilisi residency. Anonymous face-to-face interviews were conducted using standardized behaviour questionnaires. Data were analysed with SPSS (18.0; IBM Software Group, Somers, NY). The study protocols and questionnaires were approved by the E...

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Reasons for Not HIV Testing, Testing Intentions, and Potential Use of an Over-the-Counter Rapid HIV Test in an Internet Sample of Men Who Have Sex With Men Who Have Never Tested for HIV

Cited by 121 publications

References 63 publications

Risk Patterns Preceding Diagnosis Among Newly HIV-Diagnosed Men Who Have Sex with Men in New York City

Risk Patterns Preceding Diagnosis Among Newly HIV-Diagnosed Men Who Have Sex with Men in New York City

Incentives and barriers to HIV testing in men who have sex with men in a metropolitan area in Brazil

HIV testing uptake among female sex workers and men who have sex with men in Tbilisi, Georgia

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