Reasons for Drug Use among American Youth by Consumption Level, Gender, and Race/Ethnicity: 1976–2005

Terry‐McElrath, Yvonne M.; O’Malley, Patrick M.; Johnston, Lloyd D.

doi:10.1177/002204260903900310

Cited by 89 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…While some adolescents report using substances specifically either to get to sleep or to stay awake, 56 substance use for any reason may pharmacologically affect sleep. In the current study, the associations between sleep/amphetamines (stimulants) and sleep/narcotics (depressants) were not strong and were in the same direction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep and Substance Use among US Adolescents, 1991-2014

et al. 2016

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Objectives To examine associations between sleep and alcohol, amphetamine, cigarette, marijuana, and non-heroin narcotic use among US middle and high school students, trends in associations over time, and the comparative impact of select covariates on association strength. Methods Data from the 1991–2014 nationally representative Monitoring the Future study of 8th, 10th, and 12th grade US students were used to estimate standardized correlations between the frequency of getting at least 7 hours of sleep (7+ sleep) and substance use frequency while simultaneously regressing both outcomes on key covariate domains. Results As 7+ sleep frequency increased, substance use frequency significantly decreased and vice versa. Overall, association strength was inversely associated with grade. Associations were generally modest, varied across substances, and weakened over the historical period examined for 8th and 10th graders. Associations showed little variance by sex and racial/ethnic subgroups. Controlling for deviance, psychosocial, and general health covariates significantly attenuated association strength. Conclusions Among US secondary students, 7+ sleep/substance use associations were largely explained by individual deviance, psychosocial, and general health characteristics. Awareness and exploitation of these shared associations may be useful in improving substance use prevention and/or treatment efforts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep and Substance Use among US Adolescents, 1991-2014

et al. 2016

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“…The current study builds on previous cross-sectional research concerning reasons for drug use as reported in the nationally representative Monitoring the Future study, including descriptions of drug-specifi c reasons for use (Johnston and O'Malley, 1986) and gender and racial/ethnic differences in reasons (Terry-McElrath et al, 2009). In particular, we examine the long-term connection between reasons for substance use at age 18 and symptoms of AUD and MUD at age 35.…”

Section: Research Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescents' Reported Reasons for Alcohol and Marijuana Use as Predictors of Substance Use and Problems in Adulthood

Patrick¹,

Schulenberg²,

O'Malley³

et al. 2011

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine how reasons for substance use at age 18 relate to alcohol and marijuana use at ages 18 and 35 and to symptoms of alcohol use disorder and marijuana use disorder at age 35. Method: Bivariate correlation and multivariate regression analyses were conducted to examine the prediction of substance use and misuse by social/recreational, coping with negative affect, compulsive, and drug effect reasons for alcohol and marijuana use. Control variables included gender, race/ethnicity, parent education, and previous substance use (for age 35 outcomes). Results: Social/recreational, coping, and drug effect reasons for drinking predicted symptoms of alcohol use disorder 17 years later. Reasons for marijuana use were generally associated only with concurrent marijuana use; an exception was that drug effect reasons predicted marijuana use disorder at age 35. Conclusions: The long-term longitudinal predictive power of reasons for alcohol use (and, to a lesser extent, for marijuana use) suggests that adolescents' self-reported reasons, in particular those involving regulating emotions and experiences, may be early risk factors for continued use and misuse of substances into adulthood. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 72, 106-116, 2011)

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“…Commonly studied motives for marijuana use include coping, conformity, social, enhancement, and expansion (Simons et al, 1998(Simons et al, , 2000Zvolensky et al, 2007). The most prevalent reasons for marijuana use among adolescents and young adults are social (e.g., to have fun), experimenting, getting high, and relaxing (Lee et al, 2009;Patrick et al, 2011b;Simons et al, 2000;Terry-McElrath et al, 2009). Although social and enhancement reasons tend to be most often reported, using marijuana for coping reasons appears to be more problematic for marijuana use consequences (Fox et al, 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

Reasons for Marijuana Use Among Young Adults and Long-Term Associations With Marijuana Use and Problems

Patrick

Bray

Berglund

2016

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: This study examines reasons for marijuana use among young adults age 19/20 in the United States and the extent to which patterns of reasons are associated with marijuana use and problems 15 years later. Method: The national Monitoring the Future study provided data on marijuana users at age 19/20 who were also surveyed at age 35 (n = 2,288; 50% women; 83% White). Latent class analysis was used to identify distinct patterns of reasons for marijuana use, which were then used as predictors of later marijuana use and problems. Results: Five latent classes described the following patterns of reasons for marijuana use at age 19/20: Experimental, Get High + Relax, Typical, Typical + Escape, and Coping + Drug Use. Highest risk for later marijuana use and problems was found for people with Coping + Drug Use and Get High + Relax reasons in young adulthood; those with Experimental reasons were at lowest risk for later use or problems. Conclusions:Coping and getting high emerged as strong predictors of later marijuana use and problems. Results support the predictive value of self-reported reasons for using marijuana among young adults. (J. Stud.

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Reasons for Drug Use among American Youth by Consumption Level, Gender, and Race/Ethnicity: 1976–2005

Cited by 89 publications

References 41 publications

Sleep and Substance Use among US Adolescents, 1991-2014

Sleep and Substance Use among US Adolescents, 1991-2014

Adolescents' Reported Reasons for Alcohol and Marijuana Use as Predictors of Substance Use and Problems in Adulthood

Reasons for Marijuana Use Among Young Adults and Long-Term Associations With Marijuana Use and Problems

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