Reasoning and Social Psychology : From Mental Logic To a Perspective Approach

Abstract

This paper discusses the insufficiency of approaches which consider reasoning processes in the light of logical models that neglect social context. Even when tasks are solved individually, the fact that subjects imagine the social context of the problem may be important. That is, they may imagine the goals of the promisor, promisee, and agent of the promise, when the promise, for example, is utilized as a rule in Wason's selection task. Theories such as that of Cosmides (1989), which explains content effects in terms of standard social contracts, do not seem to be sufficient ; they should be completed in order to explain differences like those obtained by Gigerenzer & Hug (1990) between what these authors call "unilateral" and "bilateral" cheating options. This work concludes with a general discussion of the relation between reasoning and social psychology.

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“…В дальнейшем контекстуальный, ситуационный характер мышления и других познавательных процессов стал все чаще выступать в качестве предмета исследования, соединяясь с его прагматическими аспектами (напр. : Legrenzi P., Legrenzi M., 1991). В итоге в когнитивной психологии сложилось направление исследований под названием, которое можно перевести как «контекстнообусловленное познание» или «ситуационно-обусловленное познание» (situated cognition), сейчас активно развиваемое на стыке между психологией и культурной антропологией (напр., Oyserman, , 2015.…”