Reapplication of biochar, sewage waste water, and NPK fertilizers affects soil fertility, aggregate stability, and carbon and nitrogen in dry-stable aggregates of semi-arid soil

Okebalama, Chinyere Blessing; Marschner, Bernd

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161203

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The growth and development of the root system of a plant is genetically controlled but is also influenced by changes in environmental factors; meanwhile, the root system acts as a link between the environment and crops, allowing them to absorb and utilize resources from the surrounding environment [ 27 , 28 ]. Appropriate nitrogen and essential trace mineral nutrients are critical for crop growth and development, and the application of the right amount of nutrients promotes vigorous root growth [ 29 , 30 ]. The lack of certain elements can cause metabolic impairment in crops, affecting root growth and crop development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Nutrient Deficiencies on the Annual Yield and Root Growth of Summer Corn in a Double-Cropping System

Wang,

Ma,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Plants

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The North China Plain has a typical winter wheat–summer corn double-cropping pattern. The effects of nutrient deficiency conditions on the root characteristics and yield of summer corn in the double-cropping system were studied for four years. Long-term monotonous fertilization patterns undermine crop rotation systems and are detrimental to the sustainability of agricultural production. To complement the development of rational fertilization strategies by exploring the response of crop rotation systems to nutrient deficiencies, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design consisting of five treatments with three replicates for each treatment: (1) an adequate supply of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers and potash-deficient treatment (T1); (2) an adequate supply of nitrogen and potash fertilizers and phosphorus-deficient treatment (T2); (3) an adequate supply of phosphorus and potash fertilizers and nitrogen-deficient treatment (T3); (4) nutrient-sufficient treatment for crop growth (T4); and (5) no-fertilizer treatment (CK). The results showed that different nutrient treatments had significant effects on the root length density (RLD), root surface area density (RSAD), and root dry weight density (RDWD) in summer corn. At the physiological maturity stage (R6), the root indexes of RLD, RSAD, and RDWD were significantly higher in the 0–20 cm soil layer in T4 compared to CK, with an increase of 86.2%, 131.4%, and 100.0%, respectively. Similarly, in the 20–40 cm soil layer, the root indexes of T4 were 85.7%, 61.3%, and 50.0% higher than CK, with varied differences observed in the other nutrient-deficient treatments. However, there was no significant difference among the treatments in the 40–60 cm layer except for T4, whose root index showed a difference. The root fresh weight and root dry matter in T4, T3, T2, and T1 were increased to different degrees compared with CK. In addition, these differences in root indexes affected the annual yield of crops, which increased by 20.96%, 21.95%, and 8.14% in T4, T2, and T1, respectively, compared to CK. The spike number and the number of grains per spike of T4 were 10.8% and 8.3% higher than those of CK, which led to the differences in summer corn yields. The 1000-kernel weight of T4, T2, and T1 were 9.5%, 8.8%, and 7.4% higher than that of CK, whereas the determining nutrient was nitrogen fertilizer, and phosphorus fertilizer had a higher effect on yield than potassium fertilizer. This provides a theoretical basis for the effect of nutrient deficiency conditions on yield stability in a double-cropping system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Nutrient Deficiencies on the Annual Yield and Root Growth of Summer Corn in a Double-Cropping System

Wang,

Ma,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Plants

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“…Soil aggregate stability can be used as an important index to evaluate the stabilization and degradation of soil texture [6,[18][19][20]. Some studies have shown that increased soil aggregate stability was associated with organic fertilizer input in agricultural ecosystems Pearson's correlation analysis of soil quality parameters and maize yield as affected by different treatments for 0-20 cm depth.…”

Section: Short-term Responses Of Topsoil Structure and Soc Sequestrat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Co-Application of Organic and Chemical Fertilizer Benefits Topsoil Properties and Maize Productivity in a Medium-Productivity Meadow-Cinnamon Soil

Zhai

Zhang

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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Co-application of organic-chemical fertilizer (CAOFCF) has attracted wide attention in China in recent years. However, its short-term effect on topsoil quality and maize yield in a medium-productivity meadow-cinnamon soil is not clear. In order to address this problem, a 3-year (2019–2021) field trial was established by arranging the following five treatments: (1) CF, applying chemical fertilizer alone; (2) OFCF1, 15% organic fertilizer + 85% chemical fertilizer; (3) OFCF2, 30% organic fertilizer + 70% chemical fertilizer; (4) OFCF3, 45% organic fertilizer + 55% chemical fertilizer; (5) OFCF4, 60% organic fertilizer + 40% chemical fertilizer. The results showed that short-term CAOFCF treatments were beneficial to the topsoil aggregate stability by increasing the percentage and mean weight diameter of macro-aggregate in topsoil. In addition, lower soil bulk density and higher soil organic carbon sequestration in topsoil were observed under the CAOFCF treatments. There was no difference in rhizosphere microbial diversity among all treatments. Compared to CF, OFCF1 and OFCF2 improved the activities of some key enzymes, including sucrase, urease, and acid phosphatase. Moreover, higher relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi were observed under the CAOFCF treatments. The root-shoot dry matter and maize grain yield were obviously higher in OFCF1 and OFCF2 than in CF; however, no significant difference was found in the OFCF3 and OFCF4 treatments compared to CF. The analysis of correlation suggested that there were no direct correlations between maize yield and various soil indexes measured. Nevertheless, root dry weight and root-shoot ratio were positively correlated with the activities of urease and sucrase. Meanwhile, the relationships between root dry weight, root-shoot ratio, shoot dry weight, and grain yield were all significant. In conclusion, short-term co-application of organic and chemical fertilizer (i.e., replacing 15–30% chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer with an equal N rate) was beneficial to soil properties and maize grain yield in a medium-productivity meadow-cinnamon soil. The higher grain yield was associated with a strong maize root system, which was driven by the improved rhizosphere urease and sucrase activities.

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“…The presence of organic matter will increase the soil's ability to bind water and provide nutrients, as well as increase the response of the soil to fertilization. Generally, the total N-element is moderate, the available P is low to moderate, and the available K is generally low [17,18]. According to exchangeable bases and Saturation of Bases, the content of Ca is classified as high, Mg is classified as very low, K exchange is classified as low, and Na exchange is moderate.…”

Section: First Phase Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of nutrient status and soil fertility and utilization of local weeds as organic fertilizer in agricultural land affected by liquefaction natural disaster

Isrun

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The study’s first phase results identified 17 species of weeds with 11 species of low index class and six species of medium index class. Based on nutrient content, there were four locations with low fertility status, SPL1, SPL5, SPL6 and SPL7. In addition, there were three locations, SPL2, SPL3, and SPL4, with moderate fertility levels. In the study’s second phase, the highest pH H2O (6.38) was obtained at a dose of 25 tons per ha of Bokashi weed and 225 kg per ha of SP-36. This treatment was significantly different from other treatments. The highest available phosphorus was detected at a dose of 25 tons per ha of Bokashi weed 225 kg per ha of SP-36, namely 28.87 ppm, which was significantly different from other treatments. Moreover, there was an increase phosphorus uptake in plant due to the application of Bokashi fertilizer and SP-36 fertilizer. P uptake increased at a dose of 25 tones of Bokashi fertilizer per ha (P3) and SP-36 fertilizer dose of 225 kg per ha (S3) with an average of 0.68 g per plant.

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Reapplication of biochar, sewage waste water, and NPK fertilizers affects soil fertility, aggregate stability, and carbon and nitrogen in dry-stable aggregates of semi-arid soil

Cited by 8 publications

References 58 publications

The Effect of Nutrient Deficiencies on the Annual Yield and Root Growth of Summer Corn in a Double-Cropping System

The Effect of Nutrient Deficiencies on the Annual Yield and Root Growth of Summer Corn in a Double-Cropping System

Short-Term Co-Application of Organic and Chemical Fertilizer Benefits Topsoil Properties and Maize Productivity in a Medium-Productivity Meadow-Cinnamon Soil

Evaluation of nutrient status and soil fertility and utilization of local weeds as organic fertilizer in agricultural land affected by liquefaction natural disaster

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