Realizing the full reservoir operation potential during the 2020 Yangtze river floods

Abstract

Five severe floods occurred in the Yangtze River Basin, China, between July and August 2020, and the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) located in the middle Yangtze River experienced the highest inflow since construction. The world’s largest cascade-reservoir group, which counts for 22 cascade reservoirs in the upper Yangtze River, cooperated in real time to control floods. The cooperation prevented evacuation of 600,000 people and extensive inundations of farmlands and aquacultural areas. In addition, no water spillage occurred during the flood control period, resulting in a world-record annual output of the TGR hydropower station. This work describes decision making challenges in the cooperation of super large reservoir groups based on a case-study, controlling the 4th and 5th floods (from Aug-14 to Aug-22), the efforts of technicians, multi-departments, and the state, and reflects on these. To realize the full potential of reservoir operation for the Yangtze River Basin and other basins with large reservoir groups globally, we suggest: (i) improve flood forecast accuracy with a long leading time; (ii) strengthen and further develop ongoing research on reservoir group cooperation; and (iii) improve and implement institutional mechanisms for coordinated operation of large reservoir groups.

Assessing the impacts of reservoirs on downstream hydrological frequency based on a general rainfall-reservoir index

“…In the reservoir impact analysis of this study, the results of the hydrological frequency analysis considering reservoir impacts have obtained better simulations (Figures 8, 9) and the change-point results correspond to the time of completion of large reservoirs in the basin. These results demonstrated that the hydrological series in the basin is mainly influenced by the operation of large reservoirs in the Yangtze River basin Li H. et al, 2020;Li et al, 2022;Zhang et al, 2022).…”

Stem Cell‐Derived Nanovesicles Embedded in Dual‐Layered Hydrogel for Programmed ROS Regulation and Comprehensive Tissue Regeneration in Burn Wound Healing

“…It was observed that Gel 2 underwent bacterial dependent degradation within 12 h. In the presence of S. aureus, which had the highest Hyal secretion, up to 83.6% of drug could be released, indicating that MTB@ANVs in Dual-Gel could be released within the optimal anti-infection period of burn wounds (Figure 3A; and Figure S12, Supporting Information). [24] Encouraged by the excellent bacterial-responsive release ability, the antibacterial activity of MTB@ANVs embedded hydrogels was then evaluated. In contrast to PBS and Gel 1 groups, the colony numbers of S. aureus coincubated with MTB@ANVs embedded Gel 2 or Dual-Gel were significantly reduced under 633 nm laser irradiation (Figure 3B).…”