Realizing spin squeezing with Rydberg interactions in an optical clock

Eckner, William J.; Darkwah Oppong, Nelson; Cao, Alec; Young, Aaron W.; Milner, William R.; Robinson, John M.; Ye, Jun; Kaufman, Adam M.

doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06360-6

Cited by 39 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Cold atoms in traps are also ideal platforms to apply advanced quantum metrology methods such as spin squeezing, enabling more precise measurements than the standard quantum limit. Spin squeezing methods for cold atoms, including Yb, have been demonstrated [60][61][62][63][64][65]. In addition, a Heisenberg-limited measurement could be possible by using the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state [66], which has been successfully created for an optical tweezer array [67].…”

Section: Experimental Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the nuclear magnetic quadrupole moment of optically trapped ytterbium atoms in the metastable state

Sunaga,

Takahashi,

Vutha

et al. 2024

New J. Phys.

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We propose a scheme to measure a nuclear magnetic quadrupole moment (MQM), a CP-violating electromagnetic moment that appears in the nuclear sector, using the long-lived 3P2 metastable state in neutral 173Yb atoms. Laser-cooling and trapping techniques enable us to prepare ultracold 173Yb atoms in the 3P2 state trapped in an optical lattice or an optical tweezer array, providing an ideal experimental platform with long spin coherence time. In addition, our relativistic configuration interaction calculation for the 3P2 electronic wavefunction reveals a large magnetic field gradient generated by the atomic electrons in this state, which amplifies the measurable effect of an MQM. Our scheme could lead to an improvement of more than one order of magnitude in MQM sensitivity compared to the best previous measurement [S. A. Murthy et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 63, 965 (1989)].

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Section: Experimental Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the nuclear magnetic quadrupole moment of optically trapped ytterbium atoms in the metastable state

Sunaga,

Takahashi,

Vutha

et al. 2024

New J. Phys.

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“…A major advancement in the controllability of these ensembles comes from methods to generate atom-atom entanglement in the ensembles, in particular by spin squeezing, in which the total spin fluctuations in one direction are suppressed while the spin fluctuations in an orthogonal direction are amplified [4][5][6]. Spin squeezing in ultracold gaseous atomic ensembles has led to O (10) dB improvement over non-entangled counterpart for sensing small rotations [7] and O(1) dB improvement in Allan deviation (i.e., frequency stability) of optical lattice clocks [8,9]. Spin squeezing of lattice Rydberg atoms has obtained O(1) dB improvement for frequency estimation beyond the corresponding non-entangled system [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spin squeezing in ultracold gaseous atomic ensembles has led to O (10) dB improvement over non-entangled counterpart for sensing small rotations [7] and O(1) dB improvement in Allan deviation (i.e., frequency stability) of optical lattice clocks [8,9]. Spin squeezing of lattice Rydberg atoms has obtained O(1) dB improvement for frequency estimation beyond the corresponding non-entangled system [10]. We consider both classes of systems in the present work; the results of sections 3 and 4 are relevant to the setting of ultracold gaseous atomic ensembles and the results of section 5 are relevant to the setting of lattice Rydberg atoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saturating the one-axis twisting quantum Cramér-Rao bound with a total spin readout

Volkoff,

Martin

2024

J. Phys. Commun.

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We show that the lowest quantum Cramér-Rao bound achievable in interferometry with a one-axis twisted spin coherent state is saturated by the asymptotic method of moments error of a protocol that uses one call to the one-axis twisting, one call to time-reversed one-axis twisting, and a final total spin measurement (i.e., a twist-untwist protocol). The result is derived by first showing that the metrological phase diagram for one-axis twisting is asymptotically characterized by a single quantum Fisher information value $N(N+1)/2$ for all times, then constructing a twist-untwist protocol having a method of moments error that saturates this value. The case of finite-range one-axis twisting is similarly analyzed, and a simple functional form for the metrological phase diagram is found in both the short-range and long-range interaction regimes. Numerical evidence suggests that the finite-range analogues of twist-untwist protocols can exhibit a method of moments error that asymptotically saturates the lowest quantum Cramér-Rao bound achievable in interferometry with finite-range one-axis twisted spin coherent states for all interaction times.

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“…Over the past decade, SSSs have been demonstrated in several systems [2], including interacting Bose-Einstein condensates [5][6][7], ions [8], and neutral atomic ensembles. Among different techniques, SSSs have been produced by quantum non-demolition (QND) measurement [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], collective spin ensembles with cavity-mediated interactions [17][18][19], and Rydberg coupling [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of spin-squeezing generation in cavity-coupled atomic ensembles with continuous measurements

Caprotti,

Barbiero,

Tarallo

et al. 2024

Quantum Sci. Technol.

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We analyze the generation of spin-squeezed states via coupling of three-level atoms to an optical cavity and continuous quantum measurement of the transmitted cavity field in order to monitor the evolution of the atomic ensemble. Using analytical treatment and microscopic simulations of the dynamics, we show that one can achieve significant spin squeezing, favorably scaling with the number of atoms $N$. However, contrary to some previous literature, we clarify that it is not possible to obtain Heisenberg scaling without the continuous feedback that is proposed in optimal approaches. In fact, in the adiabatic cavity removal approximation and large $N$ limit, we find the scaling behavior $N^{-2/3}$ for spin squeezing and $N^{-1/3}$ for the corresponding protocol duration. These results can be obtained only by considering the curvature of the Bloch sphere, since linearizing the collective spin operators tangentially to its equator yields inaccurate predictions.With full simulations, we characterize how spin-squeezing generation depends on the system parameters and departs from the bad cavity regime, by gradually mixing with cavity-filling dynamics until metrological advantage is lost. Finally, we discuss the relevance of this spin-squeezing protocol to state-of-the-art optical clocks.

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Realizing spin squeezing with Rydberg interactions in an optical clock

Cited by 39 publications

References 56 publications

Measuring the nuclear magnetic quadrupole moment of optically trapped ytterbium atoms in the metastable state

Measuring the nuclear magnetic quadrupole moment of optically trapped ytterbium atoms in the metastable state

Saturating the one-axis twisting quantum Cramér-Rao bound with a total spin readout

Analysis of spin-squeezing generation in cavity-coupled atomic ensembles with continuous measurements

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