Realization of Intrinsically Stretchable Organic Solar Cells Enabled by Charge-Extraction Layer and Photoactive Material Engineering

Hsieh, Yu-Chung; Chen, Jung‐Yao; Fukuta, Seijiro; Lin, Po‐Chen; Higashihara, Tomoya; Chueh, Chu‐Chen; Chen, Wen‐Chang

doi:10.1021/acsami.8b04582

Cited by 59 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…It lagged far behind that of rigid devices fabricated on glass substrates. Hsieh et al demonstrated a stretchable all‐polymer OSC comprising a PEDOT:PSS anode with DMSO and Zonyl treatments and an electron‐extraction layer ( Figure ). The PCBM‐based device fabricated on 3M elastomeric tapes yielded a high PCE of 3.21% and it had an intrinsic stretchability of 5%.…”

Section: Stretchable Electronicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PEDOT:PSS for Flexible and Stretchable Electronics: Modifications, Strategies, and Applications

et al. 2019

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Substantial effort has been devoted to both scientific and technological developments of wearable, flexible, semitransparent, and sensing electronics (e.g., organic/perovskite photovoltaics, organic thin‐film transistors, and medical sensors) in the past decade. The key to realizing those functionalities is essentially the fabrication of conductive electrodes with desirable mechanical properties. Conductive polymers (CPs) of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) have emerged to be the most promising flexible electrode materials over rigid metallic oxides and play a critical role in these unprecedented devices as transparent electrodes, hole transport layers, interconnectors, electroactive layers, or motion‐sensing conductors. Here, the current status of research on PEDOT:PSS is summarized including various approaches to boosting the electrical conductivity and mechanical compliance and stability, directly linked to the underlying mechanism of the performance enhancements. Along with the basic principles, the most cutting edge‐progresses in devices with PEDOT:PSS are highlighted. Meanwhile, the advantages and plausible problems of the CPs and as‐fabricated devices are pointed out. Finally, new perspectives are given for CP modifications and device fabrications. This work stresses the importance of developing CP films and reveals their critical role in the evolution of these next‐generation devices featuring wearable, deformable, printable, ultrathin, and see‐through characteristics.

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Section: Stretchable Electronicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stretchable Electronicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PEDOT:PSS for Flexible and Stretchable Electronics: Modifications, Strategies, and Applications

et al. 2019

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“…It could also be assumed that the presence of the ultrathin silica layer that is a metal oxide used as an interlayer in inverted OSCs can improve electron extraction. Several studies have reported that the use of a metal oxide layer as interlayer between the organic layer and the anode/cathode facilitates charge extraction and affords well behaved highly efficient third generation solar cells . In addition, the silica layer might be regarded as a dielectric barrier layer around the MNPs incorporated in the OSCs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have reported that the use of a metal oxide layer as interlayer between the organic layer and the anode/cathode facilitates charge extraction and affords well behaved highly efficient third generation solar cells. [35][36][37][38][39][40] In addition, the silica layer might be regarded as a dielectric barrier layer around the MNPs incorporated in the OSCs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the performance of inverted organic solar cells by embedding silica‐coated silver nanoparticles deposited by electron‐beam evaporation

N’Konou

Chalh

Lucas

et al. 2019

Polymer International

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Embedding metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) in organic solar cells (OSCs) is proposed as one of the promising strategies to enhance their photovoltaic performance owing to localized surface plasmon resonance, light scattering effects or a synergy of both effects derived from the MNPs. However, it has been demonstrated that MNPs wrapped by a thin dielectric silica shell can lead to better photovoltaic yield than bare MNPs due to the presence of the dielectric shell which avoids direct contact between the active layer and the MNPs, reducing the charge recombination and the exciton quenching loss at the metal surface. In this study, we report an alternative solution using an ultrathin dielectric layer coating silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) for improving the performance of plasmonic inverted OSCs instead of the use of metal–dielectric core–shell NPs. A silica (SiO2) layer 5 nm thick coating evaporated Ag NPs with an average size of 60 nm is deposited on top of the zinc oxide (ZnO) layer used as the electron transport layer, leading to a significant improvement in the short‐circuit current density (Jsc) and the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the inverted OSCs. The electron‐beam evaporation method is employed for controlled deposition of Ag NPs and SiO2 on the ZnO layer. The plasmonic devices resulted in an 18% and 14.1% enhancement of the Jsc and PCE, respectively, compared to reference devices. This increase of the photoelectric parameters in plasmonic devices is attributed not only to the plasmonic effects originating from the Ag NPs but also to the ultrathin silica layer which can contribute to facilitating charge extraction. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…[271] Inherently Stretchable OPVs: Although buckling enables stretchability, the layers are prone to delamination at the interface upon repetitive stretching, which reduces the lifetime of the device. [272] An inherently stretchable solar cell can enable mechanical durability and long-term stability. This can be done by plasticizing the organic semiconductor (using additives).…”

Section: Organic Photovoltaics (Opvs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Harvesting and Storage with Soft and Stretchable Materials

et al. 2021

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Soft robotics can interact with humans safely. 3) Devices built from stretchable materials have a greater mechanical degree of freedom. This allows electronics, displays, and sensors to be integrated into places that would be difficult or impossible with rigid devices and enables new types of human-computer interfaces. It also allows robotics to have enhanced levels of dexterity and complexity in movement (consider the octopus as an inspiring example). 4) Devices that can be deformed elastically can be engineered to have new or emerging properties, such as antennas that change frequency with elongation, [21] intelligent materials that can perform unconventional forms of logic, [22,23] or composites that change thermal conductivity, [24] electrical conductivity, [25] or dielectric properties with deformation. [26][27][28] Most robotic and electronic devices require electricity to function, as shown on the left side of Figure 1A. Electricity can power sensors, enable computation, drive locomotion, and transmit information. Although most devices use electricity from an outlet, such "tethered" devices create notable limitations. In addition to limiting the degree of freedom of robotic materials, plug-in devices must be within a chords-length of a functioning outlet, thereby confining the range of use of such devices. Although battery operated devices can operate for some time without being plugged-in, the need to do so periodically is at best a nuisance that limits the operating time of a device. At worst, it can lead to issues such as lack of compliance with wearable devices (that is, the device is taken off for charging and never put back on) or disruptions in operation (a particular problem for health care devices or remotely deployed devices). Thus, there is a compelling interest in harvesting energy from the ambient to create tetherless devices or even devices that need less charging. Figure 1A (right side) provides examples of applications that may benefit from harvesting, such as internetof-things (IOT) devices, soft robots, wearables, implantables, and deployables (that is, devices sent to remote locations that do not have electrical outlets). Energy Harvesting CategoriesStrategies to harness energy typically convert waste or otherwise unused energy from the ambient into electricity. Although This review highlights various modes of converting ambient sources of energy into electricity using soft and stretchable materials. These mechanical properties are useful for emerging classes of stretchable electronics, e-skins, bio-integrated wearables, and soft robotics. The ability to harness energy from the environment allows these types of devices to be tetherless, thereby leading to a greater range of motion (in the case of robotics), better compliance (in the case of wearables and e-skins), and increased application space (in the case of electronics). A variety of energy sources are available including mechanical (vibrations, human motion, wind/fluid motion), electromagnetic (radio frequency (RF), solar), and ther...

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Realization of Intrinsically Stretchable Organic Solar Cells Enabled by Charge-Extraction Layer and Photoactive Material Engineering

Cited by 59 publications

References 39 publications

PEDOT:PSS for Flexible and Stretchable Electronics: Modifications, Strategies, and Applications

PEDOT:PSS for Flexible and Stretchable Electronics: Modifications, Strategies, and Applications

Improving the performance of inverted organic solar cells by embedding silica‐coated silver nanoparticles deposited by electron‐beam evaporation

Energy Harvesting and Storage with Soft and Stretchable Materials

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