Realization of a Permanent Implantable Pulsatile Impeller Heart with Magnetically Suspended Motor

Qian, Kunxi; Zheng, Minli

doi:10.1111/j.1525-1594.1997.tb03720.x

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The square‐waveform can be synchronized with an electrocardiogram to produce diastolic augmentation and counterpulsation, which will increase the coronary blood flow. The impeller centrifugal VAD meets most requirements for an artificial heart (4,8). It can produce a physiological pulsatile blood flow with computer signal processing synchronized with heart beats without damaging blood elements or organ function, it can work in nonpulsatile blood flow according to necessity, it is totally implantable and functions as a VAD or total heart, and it costs much less than the diaphragm heart.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of a Totally Implantable Pulsatile Centrifugal Pump as a Ventricular Assist Device

Chou

Wang

Lin³

et al. 2001

Artificial Organs

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The Taita No. 1 ventricular assist device (T-VAD) is a totally implantable pulsatile impeller centrifugal pump driven by a magnetically suspended motor. The flow can achieve 2.01 +/- 0.17 L/min against a pressure of 100 mm Hg under 0.266 +/- 0.017 amp and 13.55 +/- 0.41 voltage. The speed was around 3,500 rpm. It consumed less than 6 W of power, resulting in less heat production and mechanical bearing complications. The impeller vane was designed to have both radial and axial curves according to the stream surface and stream lines to reduce thrombosis and hemolysis. Eight calves weighing 80 to 100 kg (mean 87 +/- 12 kg) were used for experiments. With the calves under general anesthesia, left posterolateral thoracotomy was performed to connect the inflow tube with the atrial appendage and to anastomose the outflow tube with the descending aorta. The calves usually awoke and stood up within hours after discontinuation of anesthetics. The mean survival of the calves was 75 +/- 42 days (range 33-148 days). The terminations of experiments were mainly due to infection. During the course of pumping, no significant deterioration of liver or renal function was noted. The evaluation of serum samples from the implanted calves indicated that hemolysis was not associated with use of the T-VAD. The average daily free hemoglobin level was 8.08 +/- 3.05 mg/dl, which was less than the set limit of 20 mg/dl. The red blood cell and platelet count and hemoglobin of implanted animals were within the normal range. In our results, the T-VAD provided competent pulsatile function without severe blood damage or organ dysfunction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). The pulsatile flow can be achieved by changing the rotating speed via introduction of a square‐waveform voltage into the motor coil (8). This construction showed that the T‐VAD has competent pulsatile flow.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Development of a Totally Implantable Pulsatile Centrifugal Pump as a Ventricular Assist Device

Chou

Wang

Lin³

et al. 2001

Artificial Organs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The animal experiments demonstrated the blood compatibility and ow pulsatility of the device, but the brush DC motor limited its durability and implantability. Efforts had been put to develop a maglev impeller TAH since then [7,8], it resulted in some new problems, such as complicated construction and control, considerable additional consumption of energy and lower reliability, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical note: A novel impeller TAH using magnetic bearings for load reduction

Qian¹,

Ru²,

Zeng³

et al. 2002

Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology

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A novel impeller TAH (total artificial heart), i.e. bi-ventricular assist impeller pumps, has been developed. The device consists of a rotor with motor magnets and two impellers, a stator with motor coil and iron core, and two pump housings. In both sides of the rotor magnets, as well as the stator coil core, a pair of magnetic bearings was devised to partly counteract the attractive forces between the rotor magnets and the stator coil core. This means the magnetic bearings are used for load reduction. On hydrodynamic testing, the two pumps both produced a flow rate as high as 6 l min(-1) and the left pump had a pressure head of 150 mm Hg, and that of the right pump was 50 mm Hg. The highest efficiency of the device, including the motor, the two pumps and the controller, reached 14.7%. The device, weighing 250 g, had a length of 80 mm and a diameter of 40 mm at its largest point. Currently in the world, this is a unique TAH, which is electrically powered and driven by a single motor and has only one moving part, can produce either pulsatile or non-pulsatile flow, both pumps eject flow synchronistically by pulsatile mode, and the volume equilibrium of the two pumps can be achieved automatically without the need for control.

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Permanent magnetic-levitation of rotating impeller: a decisive breakthrough in the centrifugal pump

Qian

Zeng

et al. 2002

Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology

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Magnetic bearings have no mechanical contact between the rotor and stator, and a rotary pump with magnetic bearings therefore has no mechanical wear and thrombosis. The magnetic bearings available, however, contain electromagnets, are complicated to control and have high energy consumption. Therefore, it is difficult to apply an electromagnetic bearing to a rotary pump without disturbing its simplicity, reliability and ability to be implanted. The authors have developed a levitated impeller pump using only permanent magnets. The rotor is supported by permanent radial magnetic forces. The impeller is fixed on one side of the rotor; on the other side the rotor magnets are mounted. Opposite these rotor magents, a driving magnet is fastened to the motor axis. Thereafter, the motor drives the rotor via magnetic coupling. In laboratory tests with saline, where the rotor is still or rotates at under 4,000 rpm, the rotor magnets have one point in contact axially with a spacer between the rotor magnets and the driving magnets. The contacting point is located in the center of the rotor. As the rotating speed increases gradually to more than 4000 rpm, the rotor will disaffiliate from the stator axially, and become fully levitated. Since the axial levitation is produced by hydraulic force and the rotor magnets have a giro-effect, the rotor rotates very stably during levitation. As a left ventricular assist device, the pump works in a rotating speed range of 5,000-8,000 rpm, and the levitation of the impeller is assured by use of the pump. The permanent maglev impeller pump retains the advantages of the rotary pump but overcomes the disadvantages of the leviated pump with electromagnetic-bearing, and has met with most requirements of artificial heart blood pumps, thus promising to have more applications than previously.

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Realization of a Permanent Implantable Pulsatile Impeller Heart with Magnetically Suspended Motor

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Development of a Totally Implantable Pulsatile Centrifugal Pump as a Ventricular Assist Device

Development of a Totally Implantable Pulsatile Centrifugal Pump as a Ventricular Assist Device

Technical note: A novel impeller TAH using magnetic bearings for load reduction

Permanent magnetic-levitation of rotating impeller: a decisive breakthrough in the centrifugal pump

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