Realizable Models of Muscle Function

Baldwin, Howard A.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-6558-1_14

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Pneumatic actuation can be used to inflate deformable chambers in order to create distributed bending 1,3,19 . Fiber-reinforced expandable chambers can also produce uniaxial contraction when used in a McKibben configuration 20,21 . Electromechanically active polymers (EAPs), both in the form of ionic EAPs 22,23 and dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) [24][25][26][27] are also interesting candidates due to the direct conversion from electrical energy to mechanical deformation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small, fast, and tough: Shrinking down integrated elastomer transducers

Rosset

Shea

2016

Applied Physics Reviews

125

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We review recent progress in miniaturized dielectric elastomer actuators, sensors and energy harvesters. We focus primarily on configurations where the large strain, high compliance, stretchability and high level of integration o↵ered by dielectric elastomer transducers provide significant advantages over other mm or µm-scale transduction technologies. We first present the most active application areas, including: tunable optics, soft robotics, haptics, micro fluidics, biomedical devices and stretchable sensors. We then discuss the fabrication challenges related to miniaturization, such as thin membrane fabrication, precise patterning of compliant electrodes, and reliable batch fabrication of multilayer devices. We finally address the impact of miniaturization on strain, force and driving voltage, as well as the important e↵ect of boundary conditions on the performance of mm-scale DEAs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small, fast, and tough: Shrinking down integrated elastomer transducers

Rosset

Shea

2016

Applied Physics Reviews

125

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“…McKibben, who according to H.A. Baldwin [4] used them as orthotic actuators. The McKibben muscle has a simple structure, consisting of an internal elastic tube surrounded by a braided sleeve.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft Pneumatic Actuators for Rehabilitation

et al. 2014

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Pneumatic artificial muscles are pneumatic devices with practical and various applications as common actuators. They, as human muscles, work in agonistic-antagonistic way, giving a traction force only when supplied by compressed air. The state of the art of soft pneumatic actuators is here analyzed: different models of pneumatic muscles are considered and evolution lines are presented. Then, the use of Pneumatic Muscles (PAM) in rehabilitation apparatus is described and the general characteristics required in different applications are considered, analyzing the use of proper soft actuators with various technical properties. Therefore, research activity carried out in the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering in the field of soft and textile actuators is presented here. In particular, pneumatic textile muscles useful for active suits design are described. These components are made of a tubular structure, with an inner layer of latex coated with a deformable outer fabric sewn along the edge. In order to increase pneumatic muscles forces and contractions Braided Pneumatic Muscles are studied. In this paper, new prototypes are presented, based on a fabric construction and various kinds of geometry. Pressure-force-deformation tests results are carried out and analyzed. These actuators are useful for rehabilitation applications. In order to reproduce the whole upper limb movements, new kind of soft actuators are studied, based on the same principle of planar membranes deformation. As an example, the bellows muscle model and worm muscle model are developed and described. In both cases, wide deformations are expected. Another issue for soft actuators is the pressure therapy. Some textile sleeve prototypes developed for massage therapy on patients suffering of lymph edema are analyzed. Different types of fabric and assembly techniques have been tested. In general, these 85Pressure Soft Actuators are useful for upper/lower limbs treatments, according to medical requirements. In particular devices useful for arms massage treatments are considered. Finally some applications are considered.

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“…For example, the bi-layer membrane structure as shown in Figure 1a can be modified into an embedded design, in which the load-bearing fibers are embedded into the flexible air-tight membrane to form a single-layer structure [14], which has been adopted in a large number of pneumatic muscle designs, including the commercial products from FESTO. A more recent innovation is the pleated muscle concept by Daerden and Lefeber [15], in which the inflatable membrane is replaced with a flexible but non-extendible membrane folded along the longitude direction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double-Acting Sleeve Muscle Actuator for Bio-Robotic Systems

Zheng

Shen

2013

Actuators

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This paper presents a new type of muscle-like actuator, namely double-acting (DA) sleeve muscle actuator, which is suitable for the actuation of biologically-inspired and biomedical robotic systems, especially those serving human-assistance purposes (prostheses, orthoses, etc.). Developed based on the traditional pneumatic muscle actuator, the new DA sleeve muscle incorporates a unique insert at the center. With the insert occupying the central portion of the internal volume, this new actuator enjoys multiple advantages relative to the traditional pneumatic muscle, including a consistent increase of force capacity over the entire range of motion, and a significant decrease of energy consumption in operation. Furthermore, the insert encompasses an additional chamber, which generates an extension force when pressurized. As such, this new actuator provides a unique bi-directional actuation capability, and, thus, has a potential to significantly simplify the design of a muscle actuator-powered robotic system. To demonstrate this new actuator concept, a prototype has been designed and fabricated, and experiments conducted on this prototype demonstrated the enhanced force capacity and the unique bi-directional actuation capability.

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Realizable Models of Muscle Function

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

Small, fast, and tough: Shrinking down integrated elastomer transducers

Small, fast, and tough: Shrinking down integrated elastomer transducers

Soft Pneumatic Actuators for Rehabilitation

Double-Acting Sleeve Muscle Actuator for Bio-Robotic Systems

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