Realistic simulation models for airbags and humans–new possibilities and limits of FE simulation

Pyttel, Thomas; Floss, A; Thibaud, Charles; Goertz, Caroline E. C.

doi:10.1080/13588260701483524

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Lumped-parameter analysis was employed, assuming uniform pressure and temperature throughout the airbag control volume; this may inhibit the interpretation of quantitative conclusions with regard to specific airbag designs. Advances in coupled fluid-structure algorithms have demonstrated that the contribution of gas dynamics to the early stages of airbag inflation can affect deployment kinematics (Marklund and Nilsson, 2002; Pyttel et al, 2007; Ruff et al, 2007). Yet, recent studies have successfully validated lumped-parameter analysis of computational airbag models with close-proximity occupants (Park and Hong, 2005; Petit et al, 2003; Roychoudhury et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inflator nozzle gas flow was approximated by applying additional momentum to nodes within the nozzle outflow stream; this additional momentum was defined using an Idelchik nozzle diffusion approximation. Although recent simulations have incorporated gas dynamics to better replicate airbag-environment interactions in the early deployment phase, i.e., close-proximity (Marklund and Nilsson, 2002; Pyttel et al, 2007; Ruff et al, 2007), lumped-parameter models with nozzle effects have also been successfully validated to experiments (Park and Hong, 2005; Petit et al, 2003; Roychoudhury et al, 2000). Surface-to-surface contacts were defined between the airbag fabric, the rigid impact wall, and the occupant facet surface skin.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thoracic Injury Metrics With Side Air Bag: Stationary and Dynamic Occupants

Hallman

Yoganandan

Pintar

2010

Traffic Injury Prevention

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Objective Injury risk from side airbag deployment has been assessed using stationary out-of-position occupant test protocols. However, stationary conditions may not always represent real world environments. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of torso side airbag deployment on close-proximity occupants, comparing a stationary test protocol with dynamic sled conditions. Methods Chest compression and viscous metrics were quantified from sled tests utilizing post-mortem human specimens and computational simulations with three boundary conditions: rigid wall, ideal airbag interaction, and close-proximity airbag deployment. PMHS metrics were quantified from chestband contour reconstructions. The parametric effect of ΔV on close-proximity occupant was examined with the computational model. Results PMHS injuries suggested close-proximity occupants may sustain visceral trauma, which was not observed in occupants subjected to rigid wall or ideal airbag boundary conditions. Peak injury metrics were also elevated with close-proximity occupant relative to other boundary conditions. The computational model indicated decreasing influence of airbag on compression metrics with increasing ΔV. Airbag influence on viscous metric was greatest with close-proximity occupant at ΔV = 7.0 m/s, at which the response magnitude was greater than linear summation of metrics resulting from rigid impact and stationary close-proximity interaction. Conclusions These results suggest that stationary close-proximity occupants may not represent the only scenario of side airbag deployment harmful to the thoracoabdominal region. The sensitivity of the viscous metric and implications for visceral trauma are also discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thoracic Injury Metrics With Side Air Bag: Stationary and Dynamic Occupants

Hallman

Yoganandan

Pintar

2010

Traffic Injury Prevention

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“…Many studies, experimental and numerical, have examined different parameters to identify vehicle crash conditions [25,27]. Bankdak et al (2002) developed an experimental airbag test system to study airbag-occupant interactions during close proximity deployment [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical modelling and experimental analysis of the passenger side airbag deployment in out-of-position

Bendjaballah

Bouchoucha

Sahli

et al. 2017

International Journal of Crashworthiness

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In recent years, many accidents happened with passengers who were out of position when their airbag deployed. Therefore, new safety regulations have come into effect and an airbag now has to meet several requirements that concern out of positioning. In meeting these requirements, simulations of folding and deploying airbags are very useful and are widely used. This paper presents a simulation method for the deploying airbags using three materials in different working conditions. The main aim of this study is evaluate the performance of deploying of passenger side airbag using finite-element methods (FEMs). The model has been validated with experimental tests specifically designed for this task. Although the analysis was limited to linear elastic model, excellent agreements were obtained.

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