Realigning India: Indian foreign policy after the Cold War

Chiriyankandath, James

doi:10.1080/00358530410001679567

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…The Indian foreign policy literature generally concurs on what constitutes Nehruvian idealism and how it played out in Indian foreign policy. Scholars agree that the earlier framework emphasized a set of world-changing principles, 11 including 'liberal internationalism', 12 'eradicating colonialism and racism', 13 'organizing the uplift of the world's poor and dispossessed', 14 'a suspicion of superpowers', 15 and, of course, non-alignment. It has been pointed out that Nehruvianism, used interchangeably with idealism, was not monolithic.…”

Section: Pragmatism In India's Foreign Policy 'Substantive' Readings mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pragmatism in Indian foreign policy: how ideas constrain Modi

Miller¹,

Estrada²

2017

International Affairs

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Pragmatism'-and its promise as a medium of change-has a distinctive connotation in the context of India's foreign policy. In the post-Cold War era, a number of scholars within and outside India's foreign policy establishment have both identified and championed greater 'pragmatism'. 1 A 'pragmatic' foreign policy implies a rejection of India's earlier reliance on Nehruvian 'idealism' or 'moral posturing' and, instead, a focus on power and material interests. Many argue that 'idealism', indelibly associated with the premiership of Jawaharlal Nehru, led to major foreign policy failures 2 as well as the entrenchment of redundant policies. 3 Thus, post-Cold War pragmatism is warmly welcomed by these scholars. Indeed, they argue that pragmatism represents the approach that India must follow in order to become a 'normal power that is no longer focused on transforming the world', and to emerge on the world stage as a materially powerful state in the twenty-first century. 4 The discourse on pragmatism in Indian foreign policy-consistent with the post-Cold War scholarship and most evident in sections of India's print media-has experienced a resurgence since the assumption of the premiership by Narendra Modi in May 2014. Modi's election was heralded as a seminal moment for India's foreign policy. 5 As one commentator pronounced: 'There is little question that Modi's foreign policy constitutes a departure from India's stances of the past.' 6 These predictions of change have been based on hopes and alleged signs that Modi's * The authors' work originates in research funded by the John Fell Oxford University Press Research Fund and the Frederick S. Pardee School of Global Studies, Boston University. The authors would like to thank the participants in the Indian foreign policy workshops at the University of Oxford and Boston University, the anonymous reviewers, Rohan Mukherjee, and the editorial team at International Affairs for their valuable inputs to this article. 1 We discuss this literature at length in a later section of this article. 2 Such as India's defeat in the 1962 border war with China. 3 Such as India's policy of non-alignment. 4 C.

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Section: Pragmatism In India's Foreign Policy 'Substantive' Readings mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pragmatism in Indian foreign policy: how ideas constrain Modi

Miller¹,

Estrada²

2017

International Affairs

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“…On the economic front, the incumbent government initiated a market-oriented reforms process that involved, among others things, the devaluation of the currency, easing of trade and foreign investment regulations and the liberalisation of the financial sector (Chiriyankandath 2004). The reforms resulted in substantial changes in India's economic interactions with the outside world.…”

Section: India and The Post-cold War Eramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the process was slow and incremental, the two 'estranged democracies' have drawn progressively closer since the 1990s. The factors responsible for this trend included the economic rise of India and its attractiveness to US multinationals as an investment destination, expansion of Indo-US bilateral trade, outsourcing, the success of the Indian diaspora in the US, President Clinton's successful visit to India in March 2000, the Indo-US civilian nuclear deal and a shared interest in maintaining international peace and security and combating international terrorism (Chiriyankandath 2004;Kux 2002). After years of ambiguity during the Cold War regarding its nuclear programme, India chose to carry out a series of nuclear tests in 1998 and declared its intention to become a nuclear weapons power.…”

Section: India and The Post-cold War Eramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the desire to attract foreign investment and the quest for oil and natural gas led to greater international engagement with Asian and African countries it had previously ignored. However, 20 years on, India is still trying to figure out its position in the contemporary international system and its foreign policy still appears to lack a 'grand strategy' (Chiriyankandath 2004;Grover 2001;Hilali 2001;Mehta 2009;Mohan 2004;Pant 2008;Tanham 1992;Thornton 1992). While the goal may be clear-become a great power and play a key role in international peace and security-the lack of clarity regarding the overall framework of foreign policy, that is, the lack of a grand strategy, is problematic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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India’s Search for a Post-Cold War Foreign Policy

Mazumdar

2011

India Quarterly

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During much of the Cold War, India chose to pursue a non-aligned foreign policy posture. The collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War forced India to redefine its foreign policy and search for a new place in the emerging international order. However, almost 20 years on, India’s foreign policy still appears to lack a coherent strategic doctrine. This article identifies some of the domestic factors that hampered the development of a post-Cold War ‘grand strategy’. It argues that the emergence of coalition governments at the national level since the early 1990s, the country’s federal structure, weaknesses in India’s foreign policy institutions and the lack of a strategic culture within the country together constrain India’s search for a post-Cold War foreign policy.

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“…Indian post-cold war foreign policy is "realigned but not allied" (Chiriyankandath, 2004), complementing the reality of present international system. India has great stakes in a multipolar world and has been part of initiatives to this end but in short-term it is not blind to the superpower status of U.S.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indo-Russian Missile Defense Deal: Re-Calibration of Ties

Khan

Ishfaq²,

Ullah

2018

GRR

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Russia has been India’s all-weather friend and strategic partner for the past 70 years. However, for a decade or so, they are drifting away and are seeking new friends and partners. India has been making new partners in the West and Russia is working closely with China to counter US hegemony. It has been forging warmer, more cooperative relations with Pakistan. In this scenario, the recent missile defense deal can be considered a milestone in bilateral relations between India and Russia, ushering in a new era in relations. Mutual interests and politics led both states to recalibrate their relation so as to not lose old, trusted partners and simultaneously maintain strategic autonomy. This research qualitatively analyzes the structural drivers in the relation of the two states in the background of S-400 missile defense deal concluded in October 2018.

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Realigning India: Indian foreign policy after the Cold War

Cited by 16 publications

References 4 publications

Pragmatism in Indian foreign policy: how ideas constrain Modi

Pragmatism in Indian foreign policy: how ideas constrain Modi

India’s Search for a Post-Cold War Foreign Policy

Indo-Russian Missile Defense Deal: Re-Calibration of Ties

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