Real World Study on Prevalence, Treatment and Economic Burden of Myasthenia Gravis in Italy

Antonini, Giovanni; Habetswallner, Francesco; Inghilleri, Maurizio; Mantegazza, Renato; Rodolico, Carmelo; Saccà, Francesco; Sgarzi, Manlio; deRuyck, Femke; Paci, Sandra; Phillips, Glenn; Crippa, L.; Veronesi, Chiara; Perrone, Valentina; Esposti, Luca Degli

doi:10.2139/ssrn.4312649

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…This study is limited by the retrospective design. Our findings are generalizable to the entire regional population but not to other Italian regions owing to important genetic and environmental differences 11,22 . The real MG incidence and prevalence in Sardinia are likely to be higher as we only included cases with AChR‐IgG and MuSK‐IgG positivity, and patients with available clinical details to avoid inclusion of rare patients with false antibody positivity 23 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Comparisons of epidemiological studies are often challenging owing to different methodologies (e.g., selective inclusion of adult or seropositive patients) and eras, 7–9 and updated epidemiological studies worldwide are needed. Data on MG epidemiology in Italy and Sardinia are scarce 10–13 . A small study in 2012 using data from 21 general practitioners in South Sardinia estimated a prevalence of adult MG of 35/100,000, including seronegative cases 14 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data on MG epidemiology in Italy and Sardinia are scarce. [10][11][12][13] A small study in 2012 using data from 21 general practitioners in South Sardinia estimated a prevalence of adult MG of 35/100,000, including seronegative cases. 14 In Europe, a registry-based nationwide study in Sweden (2006Sweden ( -2016, including all MG subtypes, reported peaks of incidence and prevalence of 29/million and 36/100,000, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our findings are generalizable to the entire regional population but not to other Italian regions owing to important genetic and environmental differences. 11,22 The real MG incidence and prevalence in Sardinia are likely to be higher as we only included cases with AChR-IgG and MuSK-IgG positivity, and patients with available clinical details to avoid inclusion of rare patients with false antibody positivity. 23 Patients with lipoprotein-related protein 4-IgG or other less common antibodies were not included as testing for these antibodies is not routinary offered in Sardinia, and the optimal assays for their detection remain debated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology of seropositive myasthenia gravis in Sardinia: A population‐based study in the district of Sassari

Sechi,

Deiana,

Puci

et al. 2024

Muscle and Nerve

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Introduction/AimsThe global incidence and prevalence of myasthenia gravis (MG) range between 6–31/million and 10–37/100,000, respectively. Sardinia is a high‐risk region for different immune‐mediated disorders, but the epidemiology of MG remains unclear. We determined the epidemiology of MG with acetylcholine receptor (AChR)‐immunoglobulin G (IgG) and muscle‐specific tyrosine kinase (MuSK)‐IgG in the district of Sassari (North‐Western Sardinia; population, 325,288).MethodsFrom the laboratory of the University Hospital of Sassari (reference for AChR/MuSK‐IgG testing in Sardinia since 1998) and the main neurology units in Sardinia, we retrospectively identified MG patients with (1) AChR‐IgG and/or MuSK‐IgG positivity by radioimmunoprecipitation assay; and (2) residency in the district of Sassari. Incidence (January 2010–December 2019) and prevalence (December 31, 2019) were calculated.ResultsA total of 202 patients were included (incident, 107; prevalent, 180). Antibody specificities were AChR (n = 187 [93%]) and MuSK (n = 15 [7%]). The crude MG incidence (95% confidence interval) was 32.6 (26.8–39.2)/million, while prevalence was 55.3 (47.7–63.9)/100,000. After age‐standardization to the world population, incidence decreased to 18.4 (14.3–22.5)/million, while prevalence decreased to 31.6 (26.1–37.0)/100,000. Among incident cases, age strata (years) at MG onset were: <18 (2%), 18–49 (14%), 50–64 (21%), and ≥65 (63%).DiscussionSardinia is a high‐risk region for MG, with a prevalence that exceeds the European threshold for rare disease. Identification of the environmental and genetic determinants of this risk may improve our understanding of disease pathophysiology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology of seropositive myasthenia gravis in Sardinia: A population‐based study in the district of Sassari

Sechi,

Deiana,

Puci

et al. 2024

Muscle and Nerve

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“…In addition to clinical and humanistic burden, high economic burden has been reported in gMG globally across Europe (11)(12)(13)(14)(15), Asia (16)(17)(18)(19)(20), Australia (21), South America (22), and North America (14, 15,[23][24][25][26][27], with the most robust evidence for direct medical costs (28). In the US, where direct medical costs are particularly high, the cost of gMG inpatient care rose 13-fold between 2003 and 2013 (23), which can be attributed in part to the steadily rising prevalence of gMG (ranging from 150 to 200 cases per million) due to improvements in disease recognition and diagnosis (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The economic burden of individuals living with generalized myasthenia gravis and facing social determinants of health challenges

Hughes,

Howard,

Silvestri

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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ObjectiveBetter understanding the impact of social determinants of health (SDOH) barriers from the patient perspective is crucial to improve holistic patient support in generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG), a rare autoimmune disorder with high disease and treatment burden. The objective of this study was to identify economic challenges experienced by individuals living with gMG and SDOH barriers to better address current unmet needs.MethodsAdults (18–75 years) living with gMG and experiencing SDOH barriers in the United States were recruited to a mixed-methods study including qualitative interviews and a web-based quantitative survey. Quotas were implemented to include a balanced spread of baseline demographic categories including insurance type, living environment, and employment status among the study sample. Direct and indirect economic challenges were identified by degree of concern.ResultsThe survey was completed by 38 individuals living with gMG, the majority of whom were enrolled in public insurance and not employed. The most commonly reported major economic concerns were managing funds for emergency care (66%), loss of income (61%), and non-medical expenses (58%), highlighting the diversity of economic challenges. Individuals who were using public insurance plans, living in non-urban environments, and unemployed experienced pronounced challenges around managing non-medical costs and accessing government assistance.ConclusionBoth direct and indirect costs were emphasized as major concerns among individuals living with gMG and SDOH barriers. Increasing access to relevant, personalized, and holistic resources, including care management, should be prioritized to improve disease management and outcomes for individuals living with gMG.

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Myasthenia gravis: the future is here

Kaminski,

Sikorski,

Coronel

et al. 2024

Journal of Clinical Investigation

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Real World Study on Prevalence, Treatment and Economic Burden of Myasthenia Gravis in Italy

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Epidemiology of seropositive myasthenia gravis in Sardinia: A population‐based study in the district of Sassari

Epidemiology of seropositive myasthenia gravis in Sardinia: A population‐based study in the district of Sassari

The economic burden of individuals living with generalized myasthenia gravis and facing social determinants of health challenges

Myasthenia gravis: the future is here

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