Real-world observational study to capture demographic details of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Background: To understand the demographic profile of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and to evaluate the glycaemic status and initial treatment choices in this subset of T2DM patients.Methods: The ROD-IT-2 study was a real-world, retrospective, cross-sectional, observational study conducted at various centres across India between April 2021 and March 2022. The study outcomes included epidemiology, comorbidities, and management strategies preferred by Indian clinicians in these patients.Results: Data from 29,550 newly diagnosed T2DM patients were analyzed. The mean age of patients was 53.3 years, and majority were males (65%). Majority of patients (63.85%) were aged 40 to 60 years. More than half (53.11%) of the patients were either overweight (36.65%) or obese (16.76%). The mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was high (8.4%). Most (88.5%) patients had cardio-renal comorbidities. Hypertension was the most common comorbidity (45.7%) followed by dyslipidemia (32.1%). Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was also present in 31.2% patients. In the present study, 9.2% patients presented with microvascular complications at the time of diagnosis. Majority of newly diagnosed patients (79.7%) were treated with combination therapy. In patients who were prescribed dual drug combination therapy, metformin + dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP4i) was the preferred combination (42.71%) followed by metformin + sulfonylurea (31.37%).Conclusions: ROD-IT-2 study showed that mean HbA1c levels in T2DM patients still remain high in our population and cardio-renal comorbidities remain prevalent in newly diagnosed patients. Indian clinicians were found to prefer the combination therapy in newly diagnosed T2DM patients.