Real-World Injection Frequency and Cost of Ranibizumab and Aflibercept for the Treatment of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Diabetic Macular Edema

Kiss, Szilárd; Malangone-Monaco, Elisabetta; Wilson, Kathleen; Varker, Helen; Stetsovsky, Diana; Smith, David M.; Garmo, Vincent

doi:10.18553/jmcp.2020.19245

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…As mentioned above, these therapies require a great number of injections and multiple visits with the use of sophisticated exploration equipment over a long-term period, with a considerable burden on health and socio-economic systems. Considering that approximately 21 million people suffer from DMO worldwide, with bilateral involvement in 33–47% of patients since DM is a systemic and chronic disease [ 83 , 91 , 92 ] and with the cost per dose of intravitreal treatment varying from around USD 50 for bevacizumab to USD 1950 for aflibercept or USD 1400 for Ozurdex ® in the United States [ 93 , 94 , 95 ], the economic impact on the health system is not negligible. Indeed, the DRCRN studied the cost-effectiveness of intravitreal antiangiogenic treatment in DMO according to their protocols.…”

Section: Therapeutic Options For Dmomentioning

confidence: 99%

Rho-Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Refractory Diabetic Macular Oedema

Mateos-Olivares

García-Onrubia

Valentín-Bravo

et al. 2021

Cells

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Diabetic macular oedema (DMO) is one of the leading causes of vision loss associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR). New insights in managing this condition have changed the paradigm in its treatment, with intravitreal injections of antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) having become the standard therapy for DMO worldwide. However, there is no single standard therapy for all patients DMO refractory to anti-VEGF treatment; thus, further investigation is still needed. The key obstacles in developing suitable therapeutics for refractory DMO lie in its complex pathophysiology; therefore, there is an opportunity for further improvements in the progress and applications of new drugs. Previous studies have indicated that Rho-associated kinase (Rho-kinase/ROCK) is an essential molecule in the pathogenesis of DMO. This is why the Rho/ROCK signalling pathway has been proposed as a possible target for new treatments. The present review focuses on the recent progress on the possible role of ROCK and its therapeutic potential in DMO. A systematic literature search was performed, covering the years 1991 to 2021, using the following keywords: “rho-Associated Kinas-es”, “Diabetic Retinopathy”, “Macular Edema”, “Ripasudil”, “Fasudil” and “Netarsudil”. Better insight into the pathological role of Rho-kinase/ROCK may lead to the development of new strategies for refractory DMO treatment and prevention.

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Section: Therapeutic Options For Dmomentioning

confidence: 99%

Rho-Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Refractory Diabetic Macular Oedema

Mateos-Olivares

García-Onrubia

Valentín-Bravo

et al. 2021

Cells

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“…The typical clinical practice is likely to see patients with different types of DME and treatment histories. Moreover, a recent retrospective analysis of a large US claims database found that the adjusted number of injections per year was 3.3 and 3.9 for ranibizumab and aflibercept, respectively, in treatment-naive patients with DME, and 3.8 and 4.2 in previously treated patients with DME 31 . This is considerably less than the 15 injections over 2 years for both aflibercept and ranibizumab in Protocol T. It should also be noted that the results of this study cannot be generalized to other countries.…”

Section: Model and Analysis Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-effectiveness of ranibizumab and aflibercept to treat diabetic macular edema from a US perspective: analysis of 2-year Protocol T data

Holekamp

Duff

Rajput³

et al. 2019

Journal of Medical Economics

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Aims: Protocol T (NCT01627249) was a head-to-head study conducted by the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network that compared intravitreal aflibercept, bevacizumab, and ranibizumab for the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME). A cost-effectiveness analysis accompanying the 1-year data of Protocol T revealed that aflibercept was not cost-effective vs ranibizumab for all patients, but could have been cost-effective in certain patient subgroups if the 1-year results were extrapolated out to 10 years. The present study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of US Food and Drug Administration-approved anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents (ranibizumab, aflibercept) for treatment of DME using the 2-year data from Protocol T. Methods: Costs of aflibercept 2.0 mg or ranibizumab 0.3 mg, visual acuity (VA)-related medical costs, and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were simulated for eight VA health states. Treatment, adverse event management, and VA-related healthcare resource costs (2016 US dollars) were based on Medicare reimbursement and published literature. VA-related health utilities were determined using a published algorithm.

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“…Pathologic retinal neovascularization [1] is a potentially blinding consequence seen in many common diseases including diabetic retinopathy 2 , retinopathy of prematurity [3] , retinal vascular occlusive diseases [4], and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) [5] , among others. The anti-VEGF treatment has proven to be highly effective, however effctiveness decreases over time and side effects exist [6,7] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network-based Inference of Hub Genes in Epithelial Membrane Protein 2-treated Human RPE cells

Wan¹,

Zhang²,

Wei³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundsIdentification of hub genes (HGs) using transcriptome data of epithelial membrane protein 2 (EMP2) treated human retinal pigment epithelial cells (hRPECs) samples was helpful to accurately evaluate the functional relevance of genetic alterations in activity proteins (APs) in these cells.ResultsWe performed differential expression genes (DEGs) analyses of public RNA-seq transcriptome data of EMP2 treated hRPECs, victor control (VC) and wild type (WT) hRPECs. VIPER (Virtual Inference of Protein activity by Enriched Regulon analysis) was used to convert DEGs outcomes to APs signatures and ARACNE (Algorithm for the Reconstruction of Accurate Cellular Networks) was used to construct transcription regulatory networks (TRNs) to identify hub genes (HGs). ConclusionsIn addition to identifying a significant fraction of DEGs among EMP2-OE groups and EMP-KD groups when compared to VC or WT groups, respectively, we also accurately inferred aberrant TGNs and found several HGs induced by EMP2-overexpressed hRPECs under hypoxia. Thus, we raise a hypothesis that EMP2 may regulate hRPECs angiogenesis via a PDGFA regulatory network, which would help to understand the complex biology of angiogenesis in EMP2 and hypoxia treated hRPECs.

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Real-World Injection Frequency and Cost of Ranibizumab and Aflibercept for the Treatment of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Diabetic Macular Edema

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

Rho-Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Refractory Diabetic Macular Oedema

Rho-Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Refractory Diabetic Macular Oedema

Cost-effectiveness of ranibizumab and aflibercept to treat diabetic macular edema from a US perspective: analysis of 2-year Protocol T data

Network-based Inference of Hub Genes in Epithelial Membrane Protein 2-treated Human RPE cells

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