Real-world, Full-scale Validation of Power Balancing Services from Packetized Virtual Batteries

Desrochers, Kate; Hines, V. M.; Wallace, Forrest; Slinkman, John; Giroux, Andrew; Khurram, Adil; Amini, Mahraz; Almassalkhi, Mads; Hines, Paul

doi:10.1109/isgt.2019.8791628

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Finally, it is observed that the flexibility over multiple hours decreases but settles to a steady state value that can be obtained using the steady state analysis of PEM state bin transition model or macromodel. Future work will focus on real-world validation of the proposed kW-per-device flexibility in the field for PEM using the setup presented in [17]. Moreover, the historical AGC data will be analyzed to identify salient features, other than the mean values, necessary to capture flexibility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Methodology for Quantifying Flexibility in a fleet of Diverse DERs

Khurram¹,

Espinosa²,

Almassalkhi³

2020

Preprint

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This paper addresses the question: how many distributed energy resources (DERs) are needed to provide ±1MW of flexibility over a number of hours? For this purpose, a metric based on an ISO's own performance score is proposed. Then, a systematic procedure is presented and validated that makes use of either a simulator or the solution to an optimization problem based on a nominal analytical formulation to get flexibility in terms of kW-per-device. Furthermore, simulation-based analysis indicates that flexibility from different DER fleets adds linearly, that is, the total flexibility provided by a mixture of different DER types can be obtained as a convex combination of their individual kW-per-device flexibility. The proposed methodology is validated on (i) a centralized coordinator and (ii) a device driven DER coordination scheme called packetized energy management (PEM). Furthermore, the effect of heterogeneity as well as PEM specific parameters such as packet length and mean time-torequest on flexibility is also quantified.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Methodology for Quantifying Flexibility in a fleet of Diverse DERs

Khurram¹,

Espinosa²,

Almassalkhi³

2020

Preprint

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“…It should also be noted here that the coordinator's ability to influence its decisions without explicit measurements such as DER's power is made possible only due to the PEM's unique request-response mechanism that acts as a natural feedback. Furthermore, this feature is an advancement over the author's earlier implementation of the coordinator in [30]. ∼ N (5,0.5), C ∼N (13.5,1).…”

Section: A Implementation Of Pem On Simulatormentioning

confidence: 92%

“…To enable demand dispatch, communication between the DERs and the DER coordinator is achieved over the internet via the HTTP requests mechanism. Demand dispatch via internet enabled DERs is becoming more common, such as those presented in [30], which is accurately represented in this platform. Although, the results presented in this paper are for PEM, however, the DER implementation is flexible enough to allow any type of demand dispatch.…”

Section: Emulation Of Dersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be noted here that communication protocols often used for communications with utility assets, such as DNP3, are not implemented since the focus of this platform is on (behind-the-meter) demand dispatch, rather than distribution automation. Illustrative results are presented for packetized energy management, a bi-directional DER-to-Coordinator demand dispatch scheme [9]- [12], for which preliminary validation is carried out in [29] along with the early field-trial testing with customer-owned electric water heaters in [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Real-Time Grid and DER Co-Simulation Platform for Testing Large-Scale DER Coordination Schemes

Khurram

Amini

Espinosa

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Smart Grid

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“…However, the scalability and the interface to the market are not discussed in the paper. In [26], an internet architectureinspired randomized demand response management system is proposed. While the randomization improves the communication bandwidth needs, it reduces the usable demand flexibility.…”

Section: Distributed Dr Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributed Demand Response Management for a Virtually Connected Community With Solar Power

Pathiravasam

Venayagamorthy

2022

IEEE Access

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With the high proliferation of solar power, curtailments and higher capacity reserves are required for a reliable power system operation. However, system operators can tap into demand flexibility to maintain reliability affordably. Temperature-controlled loads (TCL) have higher flexibility in demand response due to their frequency of operation, power rating, and tolerance in the desired operating region. In this study, a TCL demand flexibility quantification is presented using temperature measurements and consumer preferences, and predictions of TCL demand flexibility and solar power generation are used to improve demand response (DR) reliability. The utility can leverage predictions to issue DR requests considering resource adequacy and operational costs. Consumers are formed as a virtually connected community, and an aggregator facilitates the utility in providing situational intelligence and distributing DR requests among consumers. A distributed DR management framework is proposed based on demand flexibility to (a) simplify the optimization and (b) improve optimality. Typical results show power consumption reduction during peak reduction and emergency DR requests and power consumption with low variability during capacity firming requests compared to individual thermostat controls. Two indices to measure DR reliability and consumer comfort are defined, and results are presented for different DR requests. INDEX TERMS demand flexibility, distributed demand response, DR reliability, solar PV power, temperature-controlled loads, virtually connected community.

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Real-world, Full-scale Validation of Power Balancing Services from Packetized Virtual Batteries

Cited by 8 publications

References 17 publications

A Methodology for Quantifying Flexibility in a fleet of Diverse DERs

A Methodology for Quantifying Flexibility in a fleet of Diverse DERs

Real-Time Grid and DER Co-Simulation Platform for Testing Large-Scale DER Coordination Schemes

Distributed Demand Response Management for a Virtually Connected Community With Solar Power

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