Real‐time ultrasound imaging of muscles

Heckmatt, J. Z.; Pier, N.; Dubowitz, Victor

doi:10.1002/mus.880110110

Cited by 156 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…2B). Similar findings were also observed in other involved muscles, in dicating an invasion of the muscles by collagen fibers or adipose cells [7], Muscle biopsy from the left quadriceps femoris showed that almost all the muscle fibers had central nuclei with mild variation in fiber size: a small number of fibers had normal diameters ranging from 60 to 80 pm, but the majority of fibers were of a small caliber (less than 40 pm) ( fig. 2C).…”

Section: Case Reportsupporting

confidence: 61%

Muscular Pseudohypertrophy in an Adult Case with Centronuclear Myopathy

et al. 1991

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We describe a 40-year-old male case with centronuclear myopathy showing a unique clinical picture of generalized muscular pseudohypertrophy. CT scan, ultrasound imaging and histopathological studies of muscles revealed that muscle enlargement in this case might be caused by marked intrafascicular fatty infiltration. It is suggested that muscular pseudohypertrophy may occur in adult centronuclear myopathy cases with a long clinical course and that CT and ultrasound scans are very useful for the evaluation of diseased muscles.

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Section: Case Reportsupporting

confidence: 61%

Muscular Pseudohypertrophy in an Adult Case with Centronuclear Myopathy

et al. 1991

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“…10 -14 In particular, patients with neuromuscular disorders have elevated muscle echo intensity levels caused by infiltration of muscle architecture by fat and connective tissue. 15 Through methods of quantification of muscle echo intensity, QMU can serve as a biomarker for SMA severity. 16 In this study, ultrasound measurements were taken on the Terason 2000 Handheld Ultrasound System (Terason, Burlington, MA), and analysis was performed on the transverse images that were exported to Adobe Photoshop.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machine learning algorithms to classify spinal muscular atrophy subtypes

Srivastava¹,

Darras²,

Wu³

et al. 2012

Neurology

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Objectives: The development of better biomarkers for disease assessment remains an ongoing effort across the spectrum of neurologic illnesses. One approach for refining biomarkers is based on the concept of machine learning, in which individual, unrelated biomarkers are simultaneously evaluated. In this cross-sectional study, we assess the possibility of using machine learning, incorporating both quantitative muscle ultrasound (QMU) and electrical impedance myography (EIM) data, for classification of muscles affected by spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).Methods: Twenty-one normal subjects, 15 subjects with SMA type 2, and 10 subjects with SMA type 3 underwent EIM and QMU measurements of unilateral biceps, wrist extensors, quadriceps, and tibialis anterior. EIM and QMU parameters were then applied in combination using a support vector machine (SVM), a type of machine learning, in an attempt to accurately categorize 165 individual muscles.Results: For all 3 classification problems, normal vs SMA, normal vs SMA 3, and SMA 2 vs SMA 3, use of SVM provided the greatest accuracy in discrimination, surpassing both EIM and QMU individually. For example, the accuracy, as measured by the receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (ROC-AUC) for the SVM discriminating SMA 2 muscles from SMA 3 muscles was 0.928; in comparison, the ROC-AUCs for EIM and QMU parameters alone were only 0.877 (p Ͻ 0.05) and 0.627 (p Ͻ 0.05), respectively. Conclusions:Combining EIM and QMU data categorizes individual SMA-affected muscles with very high accuracy. Further investigation of this approach for classifying and for following the progression of neuromuscular illness is warranted. Neurology ® 2012;79:358-364 GLOSSARY AUC ϭ area under the curve; EIM ϭ electrical impedance myography; PCA ϭ principal component analysis; QMU ϭ quantitative muscle ultrasound; ROC ϭ receiver operating characteristic; SMA ϭ spinal muscular atrophy; SVM ϭ support vector machine.

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“…Più la fibrosi risulta accentuata, maggiore risulta l'impedenza acustica del fascio ultrasonoro in profondità e l'attenuazione della progressione del fascio ultrasonoro rende sempre più difficile il riconoscimento del margine osseo sottostante. Pertanto, il grado di sovvertimento ecostrutturale è in relazione con la gravità del quadro clinico [16,1719,20,21,38,57]. Per una recente rassegna di interesse pediatrico si veda Pillen et al [42].…”

Section: Fig 7 Aspetto Clinico Del Muscolo Tibiale Anteriore Destro (unclassified

Functional Echomyography of the human denervated muscle: first results

2011

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Functional Echomyography of the human denervated muscle: first results. In this study we followed with ultrasound three patients with permanent denervation to evaluate changes in morphology, thickness, contraction and vascularisation of muscles undergoing the home-based electrical stimulation program of the Rise2-Italy project. During a period of 1 year for the first subject, 6 months for the second subject and 3 months for the third subject we studied with ultrasound the denervated muscle comparing it (if possible) to the contralateral normal muscle. We evaluated: 1. Changes in morphology and sonographic structure of the pathologic muscle; 2. Muscular thickness in response to the electrical stimulation therapy; 3. Short-term modifications in muscle perfusion and arterial flow patterns after stimulation; 4. Contraction-relaxation kinetic induced by volitional activity or electrical stimulation. Morphology and ultrasonographic structure of the denervated muscles changed during the period of stimulation from a pattern typical of complete muscular atrophy to a pattern which might be considered "normal" when detected in an old patient. Thickness improved significantly more in the middle third than in the proximal and distal third of the denervated muscle, reaching in the last measurements of the first subject approximately the same thickness as the contralateral normal muscle. In all the measurements done within this study, arterial flow of the denervated muscle showed at rest a low-resistance pattern with Doppler Ultra Sound (US), and a pulsed pattern after electrical stimulation. The stimulationinduced pattern is similar to the trifasic high-resistance pattern of the normal muscle. Contraction-relaxation kinetic, measured by recording the muscular movements during electrical stimulation, showed an abnormal behaviour of the denervated muscle during the relaxation phase, which resulted to be significantly longer than in normal muscle (880 msec in the denervated muscle vs 240 msec in the contralateral normal one). The very high energy needed to stimulate the denervated muscles according to the Vienna home-based Functional Electrical Stimulation (h-b FES) strategy demonstrates that the explored muscles are denervated. This pilot study confirms the usefulness of Functional EchoMyography in the follow-up and the positive effects of h-b FES of denervated/reinnervating muscles. Key Words: Ultra sound, Functional Echomyography, skeletal muscle, lower motor neuron denervation, h-b FES European Journal Translational Myology -Basic Applied Myology 2011; 21: 3-29 Riassunto Lo studio pilota descritto in questa tesi si propone di seguire nel tempo tre soggetti affetti da atrofia muscolare in seguito al danno permanente di diversi nervi periferici, valutando ecograficamente i miglioramenti dell'ecostruttura, dello spessore, della contrattilità e della perfusione dei muscoli sottoposti al programma di stimolazione elettrica funzionale domiciliare (FES) nell'ambito del Progetto Rise2-Italy coordinato dal Centro di Ricerc...

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Real‐time ultrasound imaging of muscles

Cited by 156 publications

References 10 publications

Muscular Pseudohypertrophy in an Adult Case with Centronuclear Myopathy

Muscular Pseudohypertrophy in an Adult Case with Centronuclear Myopathy

Machine learning algorithms to classify spinal muscular atrophy subtypes

Functional Echomyography of the human denervated muscle: first results

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