“…The SA algorithms are used to classify the polarity of a text as positive, negative, or neutral, based on the sentiment expressed in the text. Among their various contributions to SA, the specialized literature mentions: Text classification [38], [31], [22]: SA algorithms are often used to classify text into different sentiment categories, such as positive, negative, or neutral. This is typically done using supervised learning algorithms, like Naive Bayes [2], [39], Support Vector Machine (SVM) [40], [41], Logistic Regression [41], [42] or DL algorithms like BERT, LSTM and CNN.…”